Αν δεν ποτίζεις το λουλούδι συχνά, το χώμα μένει χωρίς νερό.

Yes. Αν means if.

In this sentence, Αν δεν ποτίζεις το λουλούδι συχνά... introduces the condition: If you don’t water the flower often...

A useful point: Greek uses αν in many kinds of if clauses. Here it introduces a general, repeated situation, not a one-time future event.

Because this sentence describes a general truth / habitual situation:

• Αν δεν ποτίζεις το λουλούδι συχνά, το χώμα μένει χωρίς νερό.
• If you don’t water the flower often, the soil remains without water.

Greek often uses the present tense in both parts of the sentence for things that happen regularly or are generally true.

Here ποτίζεις is:

• 2nd person singular
• present tense
• active voice

So it means you water / you are watering, but in this sentence the natural sense is you water (habitually).

Ποτίζεις comes from the verb ποτίζω = to water.

The ending -εις tells you it is:

• you (singular)
• present tense

So:

• ποτίζω = I water
• ποτίζεις = you water
• ποτίζει = he/she/it waters

This sentence is speaking directly to one person, so Greek uses the you singular form.

Because δεν is the normal negation used before verbs in Greek.

So:

• ποτίζεις = you water
• δεν ποτίζεις = you do not water / you don’t water

Greek usually puts δεν directly before the verb (or before the verb phrase).

They both have το because they are neuter singular nouns, but they do not have the same grammatical role.

• το λουλούδι = the flower
  This is the object of ποτίζεις.

• το χώμα = the soil
  This is the subject of μένει.

The reason they look the same is that in Greek, for many neuter singular nouns, the nominative and accusative forms are identical.

So:

• το λουλούδι can be nominative or accusative
• το χώμα can be nominative or accusative

You understand the role from the verb and sentence structure.

Because μένει means remains, stays, or is left.

• το χώμα μένει χωρίς νερό = the soil remains without water

If you used είναι, you would simply be saying that the soil is without water.
With μένει, there is more of a sense of staying in that condition.

That makes μένει a very natural choice here.

Χωρίς means without.

So:

• χωρίς νερό = without water

Greek often leaves out the article with mass nouns or general substances, just as English often does:

• without water
• with sugar
• without milk

So χωρίς το νερό would usually sound more specific, like without the water.
But here the general meaning is simply without water, so χωρίς νερό is natural.

Also, χωρίς is followed by the accusative in modern Greek, and νερό is the accusative/nominative form of this neuter noun.

Yes, συχνά means often, and its position is fairly flexible.

Here:

• Αν δεν ποτίζεις το λουλούδι συχνά...

This is completely natural.

You could also hear:

• Αν δεν ποτίζεις συχνά το λουλούδι...

Both are possible. The difference is mostly one of rhythm or emphasis, not basic meaning.

Greek word order is often more flexible than English, especially with adverbs like συχνά.

Because το χώμα simply means the soil / earth, and in context it is very natural.

Greek often relies on context the same way English does. If you are talking about watering a flower, το χώμα will naturally be understood as the soil the flower is in.

So the sentence does not need to say something longer like the soil in the pot unless that extra detail matters.

A simple pronunciation guide:

• Αν → an
• δεν → then with a softer th/dh sound depending on accent, often roughly then
• ποτίζεις → po-TEE-zees
• το → to
• λουλούδι → loo-LOO-thee
• συχνά → seekh-NA
• το χώμα → to HO-ma (the χ is a throaty sound, not English h exactly)
• μένει → MEH-nee
• χωρίς → kho-REES
• νερό → neh-RO

Stress is important in Greek, so notice the accented syllables:

• ποτίζεις
• λουλούδι
• συχνά
• χώμα
• μένει
• χωρίς
• νερό

Yes. Greek often uses object pronouns very naturally.

So you could say:

• Αν δεν το ποτίζεις συχνά, το χώμα μένει χωρίς νερό.

Here το before ποτίζεις means it and stands for το λουλούδι.

That version is also very natural, especially if the flower has already been mentioned.

Grammatically, it is singular and uses the definite article:

• το λουλούδι = the flower

But in real usage, Greek often uses the singular in this kind of sentence to express a general idea, similar to English:

• If you don’t water a flower often...
• If you don’t water the flower often...

So even though the form is singular and definite, the meaning can still be fairly general, depending on context.