Η αδερφή μου δεν τρώει ελιές, αλλά αγαπάει τη φέτα.

Greek normally uses the definite article with possessive expressions. So η αδερφή μου is the standard way to say my sister, just as το σπίτι μου means my house.

So even though η by itself means the, in a phrase like η αδερφή μου the whole phrase simply means my sister.

Μου is the weak possessive form meaning my. In Greek, these short possessive words usually come after the noun:

• η αδερφή μου = my sister
• ο φίλος μου = my friend
• το βιβλίο μου = my book

So this word order is normal Greek, even though it is the opposite of English.

Greek often leaves out subject pronouns like I, you, he, she when they are already clear. The verb ending tells you the person and number, and here the subject is also stated explicitly as η αδερφή μου.

So Greek does not need an extra she here. Adding αυτή would sound emphatic, as if you were stressing she in particular.

Δεν is the basic negation word used before verbs in ordinary statements. It means not:

• τρώει = she eats
• δεν τρώει = she does not eat / she doesn't eat

Unlike English, Greek does not need a helper like do/does here. You simply put δεν before the verb.

Both verbs are in the present tense, third person singular, because the subject is my sister, so in English the subject is she.

• τρώω = I eat → τρώει = he/she eats
• αγαπάω / αγαπώ = I love → αγαπάει = he/she loves

So the ending helps show that the subject is he/she/it.

Greek article usage does not always match English article usage.

In δεν τρώει ελιές, the plural noun ελιές is being used in a general sense: she doesn't eat olives. Greek often leaves out the article with plural objects used this way.

But with τη φέτα, the article is very natural. Greek often uses the article with singular nouns, including foods and mass nouns, where English would not. So αγαπάει τη φέτα is a normal Greek way to say she loves feta.

Because φέτα is the direct object of the verb αγαπάει. Greek changes the article depending on the noun's role in the sentence.

• η φέτα = nominative, used for the subject
• τη φέτα = accusative, used for the direct object

So η αδερφή μου is the subject, but τη φέτα is the thing she loves.

Yes, αγαπάει literally means loves. Greek can use αγαπάω / αγαπώ with people, things, activities, and foods.

With food, it can sound like really loves or is very fond of. So in this sentence it is completely natural.

Yes. Both αγαπά and αγαπάει are common forms of the third person singular of αγαπάω / αγαπώ.

So these are both possible:

• αγαπά τη φέτα
• αγαπάει τη φέτα

They mean the same thing. The version with -ει is very common in everyday speech.

Both αδερφή and αδελφή are correct and mean sister.

• αδερφή is very common in everyday Modern Greek
• αδελφή is also correct and can feel a bit more formal or conservative

So if you see either one, do not be surprised.

A simple English-friendly approximation is:

• τρώει ≈ TRO-ee
• αγαπάει ≈ a-ga-PA-ee

In both words, the final -ει is pronounced like ee, but here it forms a separate syllable from the stressed vowel before it. So τρώει is not one long syllable; it is basically two: TRO-i.