Breakdown of Στο σαλόνι έχουμε ένα πράσινο τραπέζι, έναν μπλε καναπέ και έναν μαύρο σκύλο.
Questions & Answers about Στο σαλόνι έχουμε ένα πράσινο τραπέζι, έναν μπλε καναπέ και έναν μαύρο σκύλο.
Στο is a contraction of the preposition σε and the neuter definite article το:
- σε = in, at, on, to (very general preposition)
- το = the (neuter singular)
So:
- σε + το σαλόνι → στο σαλόνι = in the living room / in the lounge
Other similar contractions:
- σε + τον → στον (to/at the + masculine noun)
- σε + την → στην (to/at the + feminine noun)
- σε + τα → στα (to/at the + plural)
So Στο σαλόνι literally means In the living room.
Έχουμε is the 1st person plural of έχω (to have): εμείς έχουμε = we have.
The whole phrase:
- Στο σαλόνι έχουμε ...
literally: In the living room we have ...
In English you might say:
- In the living room we have a green table, a blue sofa and a black dog,
or - In the living room there is a green table, a blue sofa and a black dog.
In Greek, using έχουμε is very natural when talking about what we have in our house, room, office, etc. It implies possession or belonging to us.
You could also say:
- Στο σαλόνι υπάρχει ένα πράσινο τραπέζι...
(υπάρχει = there is / there exists)
That is correct too, but sounds a bit more neutral/impersonal. Έχουμε feels more like “These are the things we have in the living room.”
Greek has cases. Here you’re seeing the accusative case, used for direct objects (things you “have,” “see,” etc.).
Nominative (dictionary form, used for the subject):
- ο καναπές = the sofa
- ο σκύλος = the dog
Accusative (direct object, used after έχουμε):
- έχουμε έναν καναπέ = we have a sofa
- έχουμε έναν σκύλο = we have a dog
So the endings change:
- -ες → -ε in καναπές → καναπέ
- -ος → -ο in σκύλος → σκύλο
In the sentence, τραπέζι is neuter:
- το τραπέζι (nominative)
- το τραπέζι (accusative – same form)
That’s why it looks unchanged: ένα πράσινο τραπέζι.
This is the indefinite article (a/an) changing according to:
- gender (masculine, feminine, neuter)
- case (here: accusative)
Indefinite article singular:
Masculine:
- Nominative: ένας καναπές (a sofa – as subject)
- Accusative: έναν καναπέ (a sofa – as object)
Feminine:
- Nominative: μία / μια καρέκλα (a chair)
- Accusative: μία / μια καρέκλα
Neuter:
- Nominative: ένα τραπέζι (a table)
- Accusative: ένα τραπέζι
In the sentence:
- ένα πράσινο τραπέζι → neuter object → ένα
- έναν μπλε καναπέ → masculine object → έναν
- έναν μαύρο σκύλο → masculine object → έναν
In everyday speech you’ll also hear ένα for the masculine accusative (especially before consonants), but έναν is the full, careful form and is what you see here.
Their genders are:
- το τραπέζι (neuter)
- ο καναπές (masculine)
- ο σκύλος (masculine)
- το σαλόνι (neuter)
Some very rough patterns (with many exceptions):
- Nouns in -ι, -ο, -μα are often neuter:
σπίτι, σαλόνι, παιδί, βιβλίο, μάθημα - Nouns in -ος, -ας, -ης can be masculine:
άνθρωπος, σκύλος, φίλος, δάσκαλος, καναπές - Many nouns in -α, -η are feminine:
καρέκλα, πόρτα, κουζίνα, τηλεόραση
You always learn the article together with the noun:
- το τραπέζι
- ο καναπές
- ο σκύλος
- το σαλόνι
Adjectives in Greek usually agree with the noun in:
- gender (masculine / feminine / neuter)
- number (singular / plural)
- case (nominative / accusative / etc.)
In your sentence:
ένα πράσινο τραπέζι
- τραπέζι: neuter, singular, accusative
- πράσινο: neuter, singular, accusative
Adjective form: πράσινο to match τραπέζι.
έναν μπλε καναπέ
- καναπέ: masculine, singular, accusative
- μπλε: this adjective is invariable – it doesn’t change form. So μπλε stays μπλε for all genders and cases.
έναν μαύρο σκύλο
- σκύλο: masculine, singular, accusative
- μαύρο: masculine, singular, accusative
Adjective form: μαύρο (the masc. accusative form) to match σκύλο.
So:
- πράσινος is a regular, “variable” adjective (changes form).
- μαύρος is also regular.
- μπλε is one of a group of color adjectives that do not change form.
Common variable color adjectives (they change endings):
- πράσινος, πράσινη, πράσινο = green
- μαύρος, μαύρη, μαύρο = black
- άσπρος / λευκός, άσπρη / λευκή, άσπρο / λευκό = white
- κόκκινος, κόκκινη, κόκκινο = red
- κίτρινος, κίτρινη, κίτρινο = yellow
- καφέ can be treated as variable or invariable depending on speaker, but very often stays καφέ
Common invariable ones (same form for masculine/feminine/neuter, singular/plural):
- μπλε = blue
- ροζ = pink
- μοβ = purple
- γκρι = grey
- χακί = khaki
- μπορντό = burgundy
So:
- ένα πράσινο τραπέζι (variable adjective)
- έναν μαύρο σκύλο (variable adjective)
- έναν μπλε καναπέ (invariable adjective)
Yes, here are the most important singular forms in the nominative (for the subject) and accusative (for the object).
πράσινος (green)
- Masculine:
- Nominative: πράσινος (ο πράσινος καναπές)
- Accusative: πράσινο (βλέπω έναν πράσινο καναπέ)
- Feminine:
- Nominative: πράσινη (η πράσινη καρέκλα)
- Accusative: πράσινη (βλέπω μια πράσινη καρέκλα)
- Neuter:
- Nominative: πράσινο (το πράσινο τραπέζι)
- Accusative: πράσινο (βλέπω ένα πράσινο τραπέζι)
μαύρος (black)
- Masculine:
- Nominative: μαύρος (ο μαύρος σκύλος)
- Accusative: μαύρο (έχω έναν μαύρο σκύλο)
- Feminine:
- Nominative: μαύρη (η μαύρη γάτα)
- Accusative: μαύρη (βλέπω μια μαύρη γάτα)
- Neuter:
- Nominative: μαύρο (το μαύρο αυτοκίνητο)
- Accusative: μαύρο (βλέπω ένα μαύρο αυτοκίνητο)
In your sentence, all the colored things are direct objects, so you see accusative forms:
- πράσινο τραπέζι
- μπλε καναπέ
- μαύρο σκύλο
The neutral, most common order is:
- article + adjective + noun
e.g. ένα πράσινο τραπέζι, έναν μαύρο σκύλο
You can put the adjective after the noun, but then:
- it often sounds more emphatic or poetic, or
- it might feel slightly unusual in everyday speech, unless there’s a reason.
Examples:
- ένα τραπέζι πράσινο – sounds like “a table that is green” (more descriptive, less like a fixed set phrase)
- έναν σκύλο μαύρο – “a dog (which is) black”
In most normal, conversational contexts, you’ll say:
- ένα πράσινο τραπέζι, έναν μπλε καναπέ, έναν μαύρο σκύλο.
In Greek, commas are used in lists much like in English:
- ένα πράσινο τραπέζι, έναν μπλε καναπέ και έναν μαύρο σκύλο
So you separate items with commas and usually do not put a comma before the final και (and).
Your sentence follows the standard pattern:
- item 1: ένα πράσινο τραπέζι
- comma
- item 2: έναν μπλε καναπέ
- και
- item 3: έναν μαύρο σκύλο
Using an “Oxford comma” (a comma before the final και) is not typical in Greek.
Pronunciation (approximate):
μπλε → [ble]
- μπ at the beginning of a word is usually pronounced like English b.
So μπλε sounds like ble (like English “bleh” with a shorter e).
- μπ at the beginning of a word is usually pronounced like English b.
καναπέ → [kanaˈpe]
- Stress on the last syllable: κα-na-PE.
σκύλο → [ˈscilo] or [ˈskilo]
- Stress on the first syllable: SKI-lo.
(The σ- κ cluster is like “sk” in “ski”.)
- Stress on the first syllable: SKI-lo.
General note on μπ:
- At the start of a word: usually b (μπάλα → bala = ball).
- In the middle of a word: often mb (λάμπα → lamba = lamp).
Yes, you can, but there’s a difference in nuance.
Στο σαλόνι έχουμε...
Literally: “In the living room we have...”
Sounds like you’re talking about your own living room and what is in it, things that belong to you.Στο σαλόνι υπάρχει...
= “In the living room there is...”
More neutral, like you’re just stating what exists there.
You might use it:- in descriptions (e.g. describing a hotel room, a picture in a textbook)
- when the owner is not important
Both are grammatically correct. In everyday conversation about your house, έχουμε is very natural.