Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

Because this is a yes/no question in German. In German, yes/no questions usually put the finite verb first.

• Statement: Du kannst mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen.
• Question: Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

So Kannst du ... ? is the German equivalent of Can you ... ?

Kannst is the du form of können, which means can / to be able to.

So:

• ich kann = I can
• du kannst = you can
• er/sie/es kann = he/she/it can

In this sentence, Kannst du ... ? is a very common polite way to make a request, like Can you ... ?

Because können is a modal verb. In German, when a modal verb is used, the other verb usually goes to the end in the infinitive form.

Here:

• kannst = conjugated modal verb
• reichen = infinitive at the end

So the pattern is:

Kannst du + ... + reichen?

This is very common in German:

• Kannst du mir helfen? = Can you help me?
• Willst du gehen? = Do you want to go?

Here reichen means to pass, to hand, or to hand over something to someone.

So die Küchenrolle reichen means to pass the kitchen roll / paper towel roll.

Be careful: reichen can also have other meanings in other contexts, such as to be enough, but that is a different use.

Examples:

• Kannst du mir das Salz reichen? = Can you pass me the salt?
• Das reicht. = That’s enough.

Because the verb reichen often takes:

• a dative person = the person receiving something
• an accusative thing = the thing being passed

So in this sentence:

• mir = to me / the recipient
• die Küchenrolle = the thing being passed

That is why German uses mir rather than mich.

Compare:

• Kannst du mir das Buch reichen? = Can you pass me the book?
• mir is dative

Küchenrolle is a feminine noun, so its basic article is die.

• die Küchenrolle = the kitchen roll / paper towel roll

In this sentence, it is the direct object and therefore in the accusative case. But for many feminine nouns, the article in the accusative is still die.

So:

• nominative: die Küchenrolle
• accusative: die Küchenrolle

That is why the article does not change here.

Küchenrolle literally means kitchen roll.

In everyday English, depending on the region, this would usually mean:

• paper towel roll
• kitchen roll

So the sentence is asking someone to pass the roll of paper towels.

Bitte means please here. It makes the request softer and more polite.

Its exact position can vary, but in this sentence it sounds natural:

Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

German bitte is very flexible, but it is often placed somewhere after the verb and subject, especially in polite requests.

Without bitte, the sentence is still correct:

• Kannst du mir die Küchenrolle reichen?

With bitte, it sounds more courteous.

German word order is flexible, but there are strong common patterns.

In the middle part of the sentence, German often places:

1. pronouns earlier
2. then adverbs like bitte
3. then fuller noun phrases

So:

• mir = pronoun
• bitte = polite particle/adverb
• die Küchenrolle = full noun phrase

That makes Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen? sound very natural.

Other orders may be possible in special contexts, but this is the most normal everyday version.

Yes, very often.

• Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle geben?
• Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

Both can mean Can you pass me the kitchen roll?

The difference is small:

• geben = give
• reichen = pass / hand over

In this situation, reichen is especially natural when something is physically being handed across to someone.

Yes. du is the informal singular form of you.

So this sentence would normally be used with:

• a friend
• a family member
• a child
• someone you know well

If you want the formal version, use Sie:

• Können Sie mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

If you are speaking to more than one person informally, use ihr:

• Könnt ihr mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

In modern standard German, du is usually written with a lowercase d.

• du = normal modern spelling

You may sometimes see Du capitalized in letters, emails, or messages as a polite or stylistic choice, but it is not required in normal running text.

By contrast, Sie meaning formal you is always capitalized.

It sounds perfectly normal and polite in everyday German, especially because it uses:

• Kannst du ... ? = Can you ... ?
• bitte = please

So Kannst du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen? is a natural, friendly request.

If you wanted to make it even softer, you could say:

• Kannst du mir bitte mal die Küchenrolle reichen?
• Würdest du mir bitte die Küchenrolle reichen?

But your original sentence is already very natural and polite.