Learn Hardcore German: Nach dem Essen bleibt wenig Brot übrig.

The preposition nach, when used to mean “after” in a temporal sense, always requires the dative case. Since Essen is a neuter noun (das Essen), it becomes dem Essen.

Why is the verb bleibt in the second position, even though the subject comes later?

German main clauses follow the verb-second (V2) rule. When a prepositional phrase like Nach dem Essen occupies the first position, the finite verb bleibt must come next, and the subject wenig Brot follows.

What exactly is the subject of this sentence?

The subject is wenig Brot (“little bread”). Even though it looks like a quantity phrase, it functions as a singular subject here.

Why is wenig used here instead of ein wenig or nicht viel?

wenig Brot expresses a small amount of an uncountable noun directly.
ein wenig Brot would be more like “a little bit of bread”, slightly more neutral or maybe more polite.
nicht viel Brot (“not much bread”) negates the idea of a larger amount rather than stating a small amount as a fact.

Why is there no article before Brot?

Because wenig is a quantifier taking the place of an article when describing uncountable nouns. You don’t need das Brot after wenig; the quantifier alone is enough.

What role does übrig bleiben play, and why is übrig at the end?

übrig bleiben is a two-word predicate meaning “to remain” or “to be left over.” In German, the finite part of a verb (here bleibt) occupies the second position, while non-finite parts or verbal particles (here übrig) move to the end of the clause.

Why is the verb singular (bleibt) and not plural (bleiben)?

Verb agreement is with the subject wenig Brot, which is treated as a singular, uncountable amount. Hence we use the third-person singular form bleibt.

Could I say wenige Brote übrig instead of wenig Brot übrig? What’s the difference?

wenig Brot: a small amount of bread as a mass noun.
wenige Brote: a small number of loaves of bread (Brote is the plural of Brot in the countable sense). The nuance changes from quantity in general to a count of individual loaves.