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Der Vertrag ist lang.

Der Vertrag ist lang.
The contract is long.
FromLesson 17inHardcore German

Breakdown of Der Vertrag ist lang.

sein
to be
lang
long
der Vertrag
the contract

Questions & Answers about Der Vertrag ist lang.

Why is the sentence using der Vertrag instead of die or das?
In German every noun has a grammatical gender: masculine, feminine, or neuter. Vertrag (contract) is a masculine noun, so it takes the masculine definite article der in the nominative case.
Why is Vertrag in the nominative case here?
Because Vertrag is the subject of the sentence (it’s what the sentence is about). In German, the subject of a clause is in the nominative case.
Why is the adjective lang not inflected (no ending like lange or langer)?
This is a predicative adjective: it follows a linking verb (“sein” → ist) and describes the subject. Predicative adjectives in German do not receive endings, so you simply say lang.
How would I say “The contracts are long” in German?

You’d pluralize both noun and verb:
Die Verträge sind lang.

How do I form a question: “Is the contract long?”

Invert the subject and verb, as German questions do:
Ist der Vertrag lang?

What if I want to use an indefinite article (“A contract is long”)?

Replace der with ein (masculine nominative indefinite article):
Ein Vertrag ist lang.

Can I replace lang with a synonym for “long” or “lengthy”?

Yes. You could use umfassend or ausgedehnt, for example:
Der Vertrag ist umfassend.
Here again the predicative adjective remains uninflected.

How would I refer back to “der Vertrag” with a pronoun?

Use the masculine nominative pronoun er:
Der Vertrag ist lang. Er enthält viele Details.

What changes in word order if I want to emphasize lang?

You can front the adjective phrase for emphasis, then follow with verb-second and subject:
Lang ist der Vertrag.
This is stylistically marked but perfectly correct.

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“How do German cases work?”
German has four grammatical cases: nominative (subject), accusative (direct object), dative (indirect object), and genitive (possession). The case determines the form of articles and adjectives. For example, "the dog" is "der Hund" as a subject but "den Hund" as a direct object.

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