Ikkunapaikalta näkee pilvet hyvin, mutta käytäväpaikalta pääsee helpommin nousemaan.

The ending -lta / -ltä is the ablative case, which often means from, off, or from a place/position.

So:

• ikkunapaikalta = from a window seat
• käytäväpaikalta = from an aisle seat

In this sentence, the seat is treated as the point of view or starting position:

• Ikkunapaikalta näkee... = From a window seat, one can see...
• Käytäväpaikalta pääsee... = From an aisle seat, one can get up...

Because Finnish forms compound nouns very freely.

• ikkuna = window
• paikka = place, seat
• ikkunapaikka = window seat

and

• käytävä = aisle
• paikka = place, seat
• käytäväpaikka = aisle seat

This is very normal in Finnish. The case ending is then added to the whole compound:

• ikkunapaikka → ikkunapaikalta
• käytäväpaikka → käytäväpaikalta

This is a very common Finnish structure called the zero person.

The verb is in 3rd person singular, but there is no stated subject. It means something like:

• you
• one
• people in general

So:

• Ikkunapaikalta näkee pilvet hyvin = From a window seat, you/one can see the clouds well
• käytäväpaikalta pääsee helpommin nousemaan = from an aisle seat, you/one can get up more easily

This is more natural in Finnish than directly saying sinä in a general statement.

In this sentence, it is best understood as can see.

Finnish often uses a plain verb like näkee where English prefers can see. The idea is that the situation itself makes something possible.

So:

• ikkunapaikalta näkee pilvet hyvin

naturally means:

• from a window seat, you can see the clouds well

not just a simple present sees in the narrow English sense.

Because pilvet is the total object form in the plural.

Here the sentence refers to the clouds as a whole visible set: you can see the clouds clearly from that seat. In Finnish, a complete/whole object often appears as a total object.

• pilvet = the clouds / the whole set of clouds being seen

If you said pilviä, that would be the partitive, which gives a more indefinite or partial sense, more like:

• clouds
• some clouds
• clouds in general

So both are possible in some contexts, but pilvet fits the idea of seeing the visible clouds clearly from the window seat.

Because helpommin is an adverb, and it modifies the verb phrase pääsee nousemaan.

• helppo = easy
• helposti = easily
• helpommin = more easily

Here the sentence is describing how someone can get up, so Finnish uses the adverb:

• pääsee helpommin nousemaan = can get up more easily

If you used helpompi, that would be an adjective, so it would need a different structure, for example:

• On helpompi nousta = It is easier to get up

This is a very common Finnish pattern:

• päästä + verb

It often means:

• to get to do something
• to be able to do something
• to manage to do something
• to have access/opportunity to do something

So pääsee nousemaan does not literally mean only gets to rise. In this context it means something like:

• can get up
• can stand up
• can leave one’s seat

The idea is that an aisle seat gives easier practical access for getting up.

Because after päästä, Finnish usually uses the third infinitive illative, which often ends in -maan / -mään.

So:

• nousta = to get up, to stand up
• nousemaan = into the action of getting up

That is why Finnish says:

• pääsee nousemaan
• not pääsee nousta

Other similar examples:

• pääsen syömään = I get to eat / I can start eating
• pääsen istumaan = I get to sit down

This is just the normal grammar pattern after päästä in this meaning.

Here nousta means to get up or to stand up from your seat.

In other contexts, nousta can also mean:

• to rise
• to go up
• to increase
• to get on
• to wake/get up from bed

But in this airplane-seat context, the natural meaning is:

• to get up from your seat
• possibly with the idea of going to the aisle or leaving the row

Because Finnish word order is flexible, and here the speaker wants to highlight the contrast between the two kinds of seat.

By putting the seat types first, the sentence is structured as a comparison:

• From a window seat...
• but from an aisle seat...

That makes the contrast very clear and natural.

A different word order is possible in Finnish, but this version is especially good when comparing the advantages of two positions.

Yes. A simpler alternative would be:

• Ikkunapaikalta näkee pilvet hyvin, mutta käytäväpaikalta on helpompi nousta.

That would also be correct and natural.

The original pääsee helpommin nousemaan adds a slight nuance of practical access or ease of being able to get up. It fits the real-life situation of an aisle seat especially well, because the point is not just that standing up is easier in theory, but that you can actually do it more easily without people blocking you.