Questions & Answers about Olen myöhässä, koska bussi on myöhässä.
Myöhässä is the inessive case (-ssa/-ssä), literally meaning in/inside something. With time/state expressions, Finnish often uses the inessive to mean being in a state:
- olla myöhässä = to be late (literally to be in lateness)
So it’s not talking about a physical location; it’s a fixed, very common idiom.
1) Minä (I) is usually omitted because the verb ending already shows the person:
- olen = I am You can add minä for emphasis or contrast: Minä olen myöhässä (as in I am late, not someone else).
2) The adjective myöhä isn’t used the way late is in English. Finnish uses the expression olla myöhässä, not olla myöhä.
They are present tense forms of olla (to be):
- olen = I am (1st person singular)
- on = he/she/it is (3rd person singular)
So:
- Olen myöhässä = I am late.
- bussi on myöhässä = the bus is late.
Koska means because and introduces a subordinate clause:
- main clause: Olen myöhässä
- subordinate clause: koska bussi on myöhässä
In this sentence the word order remains straightforward (subject–verb–complement). Finnish doesn’t require “do/does” support or special inversion here.
Finnish normally uses a comma before a subordinate clause introduced by words like koska:
- Olen myöhässä, koska bussi on myöhässä.
This is standard written punctuation in Finnish.
Yes, it’s completely natural. Finnish often repeats the same word rather than using a pronoun-like substitute. It’s clear and idiomatic:
- I’m late because the bus is late. → Olen myöhässä, koska bussi on myöhässä.
You could rephrase to avoid repetition, but repetition itself is not a problem.
Yes. Both are correct:
- Olen myöhässä, koska bussi on myöhässä.
- Koska bussi on myöhässä, olen myöhässä.
When the koska-clause comes first, you still keep the comma after it. The meaning stays the same; it just changes which part you present first.
Vowel harmony matters for suffixes, and myöhässä shows it:
- The inessive ending has two versions: -ssa (back vowels) and -ssä (front vowels).
- myöhä- contains a front vowel (ö/ä), so it takes -ssä → myöhässä.
Words like bussi and koska just happen not to contain ä/ö/y; they use u/o/a/i, which is normal.
Yes, bussi is a common loanword (via Swedish and international usage). Finnish often adapts loanwords to fit Finnish sound and spelling patterns, and doubling consonants is common in Finnish orthography:
- bus → bussi
It behaves like a regular Finnish noun in sentences.
No—Finnish normally requires the verb olla in these kinds of present-tense sentences:
- Correct: bussi on myöhässä
- Not standard: bussi myöhässä
You might see shortened styles in headlines or casual notes, but in normal sentences you keep on.