Jos on satanut koko viikon, haluan olla sisällä viikonloppuna.

If it has rained all week, I want to be inside on the weekend.

Breakdown of Jos on satanut koko viikon, haluan olla sisällä viikonloppuna.

• minä: I
• olla: to be
• haluta: to want
• jos: if
• sataa: to rain
• koko: all
• viikko: the week
• sisällä: inside
• viikonloppu: the weekend

Questions & Answers about Jos on satanut koko viikon, haluan olla sisällä viikonloppuna.

What is the function of jos in this sentence?

Jos is a conditional conjunction, which translates to if. It introduces the condition under which the main clause applies.

How is the perfect tense constructed in the phrase on satanut?

The phrase on satanut combines on, the third-person singular form of olla (to be), with satanut, the past participle of sataa (to rain). Together, they form the present perfect tense, indicating that it has rained over the period mentioned.

Why is there no explicit subject in the clause on satanut?

Finnish often uses impersonal constructions for weather expressions. In this case, sataa (to rain) does not require an explicit subject, much like English uses an implicit it in phrases such as it rains or it has rained.

What does koko viikon mean, and how is it structured?

Koko means the whole or entire, and viikon is the genitive form of viikko (week). Together, they indicate that the action (raining) lasted for the entire week.

How is the time expression viikonloppuna formed, and what does it indicate?

Viikonloppuna is derived from viikonloppu (weekend) with the addition of the -na ending, which is used to denote a specific time when something occurs. It translates to on the weekend, specifying when the speaker wants to stay indoors.