Learn Hardcore Filipino: Dalhin mo rin ang payong at resibo kapag aalis tayo. - Also bring the umbrella and the receipt when we leave.

Dalhin is object/patient-focus: it highlights the thing being brought. It pairs with a definite object marked by ang: Dalhin mo ang payong at resibo.
Magdala is actor-focus: it highlights the doer. Its object is usually indefinite and marked by ng: Magdala ka ng payong at resibo = “Bring an umbrella and a receipt (not specific ones).”
Use dalhin when you mean specific, already-known items; use magdala when the items are non-specific or you’re emphasizing the act of bringing.

Why is it mo and not ka after Dalhin?

With object-focus verbs like dalhin, the agent takes the genitive form (e.g., mo, ko, niya). Hence: Dalhin mo ...
With actor-focus verbs like magdala, the agent is nominative (ka, ako, siya). Hence: Magdala ka ...
Ikaw is the emphatic form used in topic position: Ikaw ang magdala...

Why rin and not din?

Rin and din both mean “also/too.” Choice depends on the preceding sound:
- Use rin after a vowel or the consonant r: mo rin, ako rin, orasan rin.
- Use din after other consonants: Mark din, bukas din.
Since mo ends in a vowel, rin is used: mo rin.

Why is rin after mo (Dalhin mo rin) and not after Dalhin?

Short pronouns and particles like mo, rin/din, na/pa, etc. are enclitics that cluster right after the first word of the predicate.
Within the cluster, the pronoun typically precedes particles like rin/din. So: Dalhin mo rin, not ✗Dalhin rin mo.

Why ang payong at resibo instead of ng payong at resibo?

With object-focus dalhin, the affected object is definite and marked by ang: Dalhin mo ang payong at resibo.
With actor-focus magdala, the object is usually indefinite and marked by ng: Magdala ka ng payong at resibo.

Do I have to repeat ang before both nouns?

Not required. Ang can mark the whole coordinated phrase: ang payong at resibo.
You may repeat for emphasis or clarity: ang payong at ang resibo. Both are grammatical.

What exactly does rin add here—“also bring” or “the umbrella and receipt as well”?

Rin signals addition. It can mean:
- “Also bring (in addition to some other action).”
- “Bring the umbrella and the receipt as well (in addition to other items).”
Context decides which is intended. To make “including” explicit, use pati: Dalhin mo ang ID, pati ang payong at resibo.

Can I replace kapag with pag or with kung? What’s the difference?

Kapag = “when/whenever” (time-based). Neutral and standard.
Pag is the common colloquial shortening of kapag. Fine in speech: Pag aalis tayo...
Kung = “if” (condition). It can sometimes translate as “when,” but it adds uncertainty: Kung aalis tayo... = “If we leave...”

Why aalis tayo and not umalis tayo or umaalis tayo?

Root alis (AF: umalis):
- aalis = future/prospective (“will leave,” “are about to leave”).
- umalis = completed (“left” / “once [we] leave”).
- umaalis = progressive/habitual (“are leaving,” “whenever [we] leave”).
So:
- Kapag aalis tayo = when we’re (going to be) leaving.
- Kapag umalis tayo = once we leave.
- Kapag umaalis tayo = whenever we leave (habitually).

Why tayo and not kami? Could I say kapag aalis kami?

Tayo = “we” inclusive (includes the listener).
Kami = “we” exclusive (excludes the listener).
Since you’re instructing the listener about what to bring when both of you leave, tayo is the natural choice. Kapag aalis kami would exclude the listener.

Can I move the kapag-clause to the front?

Yes. Kapag aalis tayo, dalhin mo rin ang payong at resibo. This is fully natural. In writing, a comma helps readability.

How can I say this more politely or less bossily?

Add po (politeness marker): Dalhin mo rin po ang payong at resibo...
Use paki- (“please do”): Pakidala mo rin ang payong at resibo kapag aalis tayo.
Use a softening modal question: Pwede mo rin bang dalhin ang payong at resibo kapag aalis tayo?
Adding naman can soften further: Pakidala mo rin naman...

Why dalhin (with an h)? Where does that form come from?

Root: dala (“to carry/bring [with one]”).
Object-focus suffix: -in. When the root ends in a vowel, an h is inserted for ease: dala + -in → dalhin (cf. sabi → sabihin).
You’ll also hear dalahin in everyday speech; dalhin is widely accepted as the standard form.

Is at my only option for “and”? What about pati or tsaka/at saka?

At = neutral “and”: ang payong at resibo.
Pati = “including/as well as,” useful to stress addition: Dalhin mo pati ang payong at resibo.
Tsaka/at saka = “and also/and then,” more colloquial or sequential: Dalhin mo rin ang payong, at saka ang resibo.