قبل از کلاس به استاد ایمیل نوشتم و سوالم را فرستادم.

قبل از کلاس means before class.

• قبل = before
• از = from / of / before, depending on the expression
• کلاس = class

Together, قبل از is a very common expression meaning before. So قبل از کلاس is literally something like before the class or before class.

Persian often puts time expressions near the beginning of the sentence, just like English can.

Because the verb already shows the subject.

Both نوشتم and فرستادم end in -م, which tells you the subject is I.

• نوشتم = I wrote
• فرستادم = I sent

So Persian often leaves out subject pronouns when they are already clear from the verb. You could add من for emphasis, but it is not necessary here.

به means to, so به استاد means to the professor.

In this sentence, the professor is the recipient of the email, not the thing being sent. That is why Persian uses به.

So:

• به استاد = to the professor

This is very similar to English to the professor.

Because استاد is not the direct object here.

In Persian, را marks a direct object, especially a definite one. But استاد is part of the prepositional phrase به استاد and means to the professor, so it does not take را.

The direct object in the second clause is سوالم را.

So:

• به استاد = indirect object / recipient
• سوالم را = direct object

Yes. ایمیل نوشتم literally means I wrote an email.

This is a normal way to say it in Persian. Just like in English, you can write an email. Depending on context, it may imply composing the email, and sometimes the fact that it was sent is either obvious or stated separately.

Here, the sentence then adds و سوالم را فرستادم to say that the question was sent.

They describe two different actions:

• نوشتم = I wrote
• فرستادم = I sent

So the speaker is saying:

1. I wrote an email to the professor.
2. I sent my question.

This is very natural Persian. The first verb focuses on writing/composing the email; the second focuses on sending the question.

سوالم means my question.

It is made from:

• سوال = question
• -م = my

So:

• سوالم = my question

This -م is an attached possessive ending. Persian often shows possession this way instead of using a separate word like my before the noun.

Because سوالم is the direct object, and it is definite.

را is the direct object marker in Persian. It is commonly used when the object is specific or known. Since سوالم means my question, it is definitely specific, so را is expected.

So:

• سوالم را فرستادم = I sent my question

A useful point: in everyday spoken Persian, را is often pronounced more like ro.

They are in the simple past tense.

• نوشتم = I wrote
• فرستادم = I sent

This tense is used for completed actions in the past. In English, the best translation is usually the simple past as well.

Because Persian usually follows subject–object–verb order, while English usually follows subject–verb–object.

In this sentence, the verb comes at the end of each clause:

• به استاد ایمیل نوشتم
• سوالم را فرستادم

A rough literal order would be:

• Before class, to the professor an email wrote and my question sent

That sounds strange in English, but it is normal in Persian. The most important thing to notice is that the verb often comes last.

In this context, استاد usually means professor or instructor.

It can have a range of meanings depending on context:

• university professor
• teacher/instructor
• master/expert in a field

Because the sentence mentions class and emailing the person before class, professor or instructor is the most natural interpretation here.