خواهرم هم دانشجو است و در دانشگاه درس میخواند.

In Persian, possession is often shown by attaching a short suffix to the noun.

• خواهر = sister
• -م = my

So:

• خواهرم = my sister

This ending -م is very common:

• دوستم = my friend
• کتابم = my book
• پدرم = my father

So instead of using a separate word for my, Persian often adds it directly to the noun.

هم usually means also, too, or as well.

So in this sentence:

• خواهرم هم دانشجو است = My sister is also a student

It shows that your sister is being added to some previously mentioned group or person. For example, if someone already said I am a student, then خواهرم هم دانشجو است means My sister is a student too.

In Persian, هم usually comes right after the word it relates to:

• خواهرم هم = my sister too / my sister also

Because Persian often puts the verb at or near the end of the clause.

In:

• خواهرم هم دانشجو است

the order is roughly:

• My sister too student is

That sounds strange in English, but it is normal in Persian.

This is part of the typical Persian word order, which is often subject + other information + verb.

Yes, very often in everyday spoken Persian, است is dropped or replaced by a shorter spoken form.

Formal/written:

• خواهرم هم دانشجو است

Common spoken Persian:

• خواهرم هم دانشجوعه
• or sometimes the verb is simply not pronounced fully in very informal speech

So the written sentence is completely correct, but in conversation you will often hear a more colloquial version.

دانشجو means student, usually in the sense of a college/university student.

It is made from:

• دانش = knowledge
• جو = seeker

So historically it is something like knowledge-seeker, but for learners you should simply understand it as student.

If you want to be more specific:

• دانش‌آموز = school pupil / school student
• دانشجو = university student

Persian often does not use articles the same way English does.

In English, you say:

• She is a student

In Persian, you can simply say:

• او دانشجو است
• خواهرم دانشجو است

There is no need to add a separate word for a here.

Sometimes Persian uses یک for a/one, but not when it is unnecessary:

• او یک دانشجو است = She is a student / She is one student

  This is possible, but often less natural in a simple sentence like this. Usually دانشجو است is enough.

در دانشگاه means in the university or at the university.

Breakdown:

• در = in / at
• دانشگاه = university

So:

• در دانشگاه درس میخواند = studies at the university

Persian در can cover both in and at, depending on context.

This is a very common Persian expression.

Literally:

• درس = lesson / study material
• میخواند = reads

So literally it looks like:

• reads lessons

But the actual meaning is:

• studies

This is one of those expressions that should be learned as a natural Persian phrase:

• درس خواندن = to study

Examples:

• او درس میخواند = He/She studies
• امروز درس میخوانم = I am studying today

So even though the literal meaning looks different from English, the normal translation is simply study.

Yes, in standard modern Persian spelling, it is often written with a half-space:

• می‌خواند

This is usually considered the more correct typographical form.

You may also see:

• میخواند

Both are understood, but می‌خواند is the standard spelling in careful writing.

Breakdown:

• می‌- = an imperfective/present marker
• خواند = read

So:

• می‌خواند = reads / is reading / studies, depending on context

This is a very common learner question.

خواندن is the verb to read. The sequence خوا is pronounced roughly like khâ.

So:

• می‌خواند is pronounced approximately mi-khânad

Important points:

• خ sounds like the ch in German Bach or Scottish loch
• خوا here sounds like khâ
• the written و is not pronounced as a full v/w sound in this word

So although the spelling may look complicated, the pronunciation is more regular once you learn this pattern.

Here می‌خواند is the present simple / imperfective form.

Depending on context, it can mean:

• studies
• is studying
• does study

In this sentence, the most natural translation is:

• She studies at the university or
• She is studying at the university

Because Persian uses this form more broadly than English uses the simple present.

So the exact English translation depends on context, but the Persian form itself is very normal here.

The sentence is:

• خواهرم هم دانشجو است و در دانشگاه درس میخواند.

A rough word-for-word order is:

• My sister also student is and at university studies

This shows a common Persian pattern:

• subject
• other information
• verb

In the second clause:

• در دانشگاه = at the university
• درس میخواند = studies

The verb phrase comes at the end again.

So English speakers often need to get used to waiting until the end of the Persian clause for the main verb.

Because Persian nouns usually do not change for gender, and singular nouns do not need special marking the way some languages do.

So:

• دانشجو can refer to a male or female student
• the meaning depends on context

In this sentence, we know it refers to a woman because خواهرم means my sister.

This is helpful for learners: Persian does not have grammatical gender like French or Arabic.

A careful pronunciation would be approximately:

• khâharam ham dâneshju ast o dar dâneshgâh dars mikhânad

A few notes:

• خواهرم = khâharam
• هم = ham
• دانشجو = dâneshju
• است = ast
• و is often pronounced o
• دانشگاه = dâneshgâh
• درس می‌خواند = dars mikhânad

In everyday speech, it may sound more like:

• khâharam ham dâneshjuye o tu dâneshgâh dars mikhune

That spoken version is less formal, but very common.

Yes, often.

In everyday spoken Persian, people very often say:

• تو دانشگاه instead of در دانشگاه

Both mean at/in the university.

So:

• در دانشگاه درس میخواند = more formal/written
• تو دانشگاه درس میخونه = more conversational

This is a useful distinction:

• در is common in writing and formal speech
• تو is very common in everyday conversation

Possibly, depending on context.

Because the second clause says:

• در دانشگاه درس میخواند = she studies at the university

that strongly suggests دانشجو here means university student, not just any student.

So even though دانشجو already usually means college/university student, the second clause reinforces that meaning.

Because there is no definite direct object here that needs it.

In Persian, را marks a definite direct object, for example:

• کتاب را می‌خواند = He/She reads the book

But in your sentence:

• خواهرم هم دانشجو است
• در دانشگاه درس میخواند

there is no definite direct object like the book or the lesson being marked.
درس here is part of the expression درس خواندن = to study, so it is not functioning like a normal standalone object in the same way.

That is why را does not appear.