Mi brakumis mian kuzinon ĉe la stacidomo.

It is the verb brakumi with the past-tense ending -is.

• brakumi = to hug, to embrace
• brakumis = hugged, embraced

So Esperanto packs the tense into the verb ending itself. You do not need a separate word like did or was here.

Because mian kuzinon is the direct object of the verb brakumis.

In Esperanto, the direct object usually gets -n. Words that go with that noun also agree with it, so:

• mia kuzino = my female cousin
• mian kuzinon = my female cousin, as the direct object

That is why both the possessive word mia and the noun kuzino pick up -n here.

Because mia behaves like an adjective. In Esperanto, adjectives and adjective-like words agree with the noun they describe in number and case.

Since kuzinon is accusative, mia must match it:

• mia kuzino = my female cousin
• mian kuzinon = my female cousin, as object

So the -n on mian is not separate possession marking; it is agreement with kuzinon.

Kuzinon tells you the cousin is female.

The word here is:

• kuzino = female cousin
• kuzinon = female cousin as a direct object

The element -in- is a common Esperanto way to mark female gender.

Here ĉe means something like at, by, or near.

So ĉe la stacidomo means at the station or by the station. It does not necessarily mean physically inside the building.

If you wanted to emphasize being inside, en la stacidomo would be more specific.

La is the definite article, like English the.

So:

• la stacidomo = the station

In a sentence like this, Esperanto naturally uses la when you mean the specific station relevant to the situation. Also, unlike English articles, la never changes form.

It is a compound word.

• staci- from stacio = station
• domo = house, building

So stacidomo literally means station building. In normal use, it commonly refers to a railway station.

This is very typical Esperanto word-building: smaller meaningful parts combine into one clear word.

Not completely. The most neutral order is the one you see:

Mi brakumis mian kuzinon ĉe la stacidomo.

But Esperanto allows more flexibility because -n shows which noun is the object. For example:

• Ĉe la stacidomo mi brakumis mian kuzinon.

That would put more focus on the location. The original sentence is simply the most straightforward, neutral version.

Usually no, not in ordinary Esperanto.

The verb ending -is tells you the tense, but not the person. Brakumis by itself does not tell you whether the subject is I, you, he, she, we, or they.

So mi is normally needed to make the subject clear.

A helpful rough guide is:

• Mi = mee
• brakumis = bra-KU-mis
• mian = MI-an
• kuzinon = ku-ZI-non
• ĉe = roughly cheh
• la = lah
• stacidomo = sta-ci-DO-mo

A few key pronunciation points:

• ĉ sounds like ch in church
• c sounds like ts in cats
• stress in Esperanto normally falls on the second-to-last syllable

So the main stresses are -KU-, MI-, -ZI-, and -DO-.