La rezulto estas montrita sur la tabulo.

La is the Esperanto definite article, equivalent to English the.

So:

• la rezulto = the result
• la tabulo = the board

Esperanto uses la whenever the noun is definite or specific. There is no separate word for English a/an, so Esperanto simply leaves the article out when the noun is indefinite.

For example:

• rezulto = a result / result
• la rezulto = the result

In Esperanto, all nouns end in -o.

So:

• rezulto = result
• tabulo = board

This is one of the most regular parts of Esperanto grammar: if you see -o, you can usually recognize the word as a noun.

Estas montrita is a passive construction.

It is made of:

• estas = is (present tense of esti, to be)
• montrita = shown (a passive participle from montri, to show)

Together, estas montrita means something like is shown or is displayed.

This is similar to English passive sentences like:

• The result is shown
• The result is displayed

The focus is on the result itself, not on who is doing the showing.

This is about the type of passive participle.

• montrata = being shown, in the process of being shown
• montrita = shown, already shown / resulting from a completed showing
• montrota = about to be shown

So estas montrita suggests that the showing has already been completed, and now the result appears on the board.

A rough comparison:

• La rezulto estas montrata sur la tabulo. = The result is being shown on the board.
• La rezulto estas montrita sur la tabulo. = The result is shown / has been shown on the board.

Because rezulto is the subject of the sentence, not the direct object.

In Esperanto, the direct object usually gets -n, but the subject does not.

Here:

• La rezulto = the subject
• estas montrita = is shown
• sur la tabulo = on the board

Since la rezulto is the thing being described, not the direct object of an active verb, it stays rezulto, not rezulton.

Because tabulo comes after the preposition sur.

Normally, nouns after prepositions do not take -n unless there is a special meaning of direction or movement.

Here:

• sur la tabulo = on the board

This describes location, not movement onto the board, so there is no -n.

Compare:

• sur la tabulo = on the board
• sur la tabulon = onto the board

Sur means on.

So sur la tabulo means on the board.

It is used because the result appears on the surface of the board. If you used a different preposition, the meaning would change:

• sur la tabulo = on the board
• en la tabulo = in the board
• ĉe la tabulo = at the board / by the board

So sur is the natural choice here.

Yes, Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more neutral than others.

The most neutral version here is:

• La rezulto estas montrita sur la tabulo.

But you could also say:

• Sur la tabulo estas montrita la rezulto.

This puts more attention on sur la tabulo.

Even though Esperanto allows flexibility, beginners should usually stick with the most straightforward order until they feel comfortable.

It is passive.

In an active sentence, you would say who does the action, for example:

• La instruisto montras la rezulton sur la tabulo. = The teacher shows the result on the board.

In the passive version:

• La rezulto estas montrita sur la tabulo.

the result becomes the subject, and the person doing the action is not mentioned.

Yes. In Esperanto, the agent in a passive sentence can be introduced with de.

For example:

• La rezulto estas montrita sur la tabulo de la instruisto.

This can mean The result is shown on the board by the teacher.

So:

• de = by, when introducing the doer in a passive sentence

However, if the doer is not important or obvious from context, Esperanto often leaves it out.

Yes, depending on context.

Esperanto passive forms do not always match English tense choices one-for-one. Estas montrita often emphasizes the present state resulting from a completed action.

So in English, it might be translated as:

• is shown
• is displayed
• has been shown

The best English translation depends on what sounds most natural in the situation.

The base verb is montri, which means to show.

From that verb, Esperanto builds related forms very regularly:

• montri = to show
• montras = shows / is showing
• montris = showed
• montros = will show
• montrita = shown

This regular system is one of the helpful features of Esperanto.

One active version would be:

• Iu montras la rezulton sur la tabulo. = Someone shows the result on the board.

Or, with a specific subject:

• La instruisto montras la rezulton sur la tabulo. = The teacher shows the result on the board.

Notice the difference:

• In the active sentence, la rezulton gets -n because it is the direct object.
• In the passive sentence, la rezulto becomes the subject, so it has no -n.