Prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.

Esperanto very often makes compound words by joining roots together.

• prez- = price
• etiked- = label, tag
• -o = noun ending

So prezetikedo literally means price-label or price tag.

This is completely normal in Esperanto. English sometimes uses separate words, sometimes hyphens, and sometimes compounds; Esperanto usually just joins the parts into one word.

Ankoraŭ usually means still or yet, depending on context.

In this sentence, it means still:

• Prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.
• The price tag is still on the second-hand item.

Its position is fairly flexible, but it usually goes near the part it modifies. Here it naturally modifies the whole idea of is on.

You might also see:

• Prezetikedo estas ankoraŭ sur la brokantaĵo.

That has basically the same meaning.

In normal Esperanto, you usually do need the verb esti (to be) in a sentence like this.

• estas = is / are / am

So:

• Prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.

Without estas, the sentence would not be standard Esperanto.

Because sur la brokantaĵo describes location, not movement.

• sur = on
• sur la brokantaĵo = on the second-hand item

No -n is needed when something is simply located somewhere.

Compare:

• La prezetikedo estas sur la brokantaĵo.
  = The price tag is on the item.
  → location only, so no -n

• Mi metas la prezetikedon sur la brokantaĵon.
  = I put the price tag onto the item.
  → movement toward a place, so -n can appear

That is a very common Esperanto pattern with prepositions.

Brokantaĵo means a second-hand item, used article, or sometimes an item from a junk shop / antique shop / second-hand shop, depending on context.

It is built like this:

• brokant- = related to second-hand dealing / old goods
• -aĵ- = a concrete thing, item, stuff made or characterized by the root
• -o = noun

So brokantaĵo is literally something like a second-hand item or an item of used goods.

The suffix -aĵ- is very useful in Esperanto for turning an idea into a concrete thing.

The suffix -aĵ- usually means a concrete thing characterized by the root.

Examples:

• manĝi = to eat

• manĝaĵo = food, something to eat

• dolĉa = sweet

• dolĉaĵo = a sweet thing, candy, confection

• brokantaĵo = a second-hand item, used article

So in this sentence, brokantaĵo is not the activity of second-hand dealing, but the actual object.

Esperanto has only one article: la = the.

If la is missing, the noun may be:

• indefinite (a price tag), or
• sometimes understood from context without needing an article in Esperanto

So prezetikedo could be understood as a price tag or sometimes simply price tag in a general sense, depending on the context and the translation you were shown.

By contrast, la brokantaĵo is definite:

• la brokantaĵo = the second-hand item

Yes, if you mean the price tag specifically.

Compare:

• Prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.
  = A price tag / the price tag is still on the item, depending on context

• La prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.
  = The price tag is still on the item

Adding la makes the noun definite more explicitly.

Not completely. Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, especially in simple sentences like this one.

The neutral order is:

• Prezetikedo ankoraŭ estas sur la brokantaĵo.

But you might also see:

• Ankoraŭ prezetikedo estas sur la brokantaĵo.
• Sur la brokantaĵo ankoraŭ estas prezetikedo.

These can shift emphasis a little, but the basic meaning stays similar. The original version sounds natural and straightforward.

A rough pronunciation guide:

• prezetikedo ≈ preh-zeh-tee-KEH-doh
• ankoraŭ ≈ ahn-koh-ROW
• estas ≈ ESS-tahs
• sur ≈ soor
• la ≈ lah
• brokantaĵo ≈ broh-kahn-TAH-zho

A few useful pronunciation points:

• Esperanto stress is almost always on the second-to-last syllable
• ŭ is a very short w-like sound
• ĵ sounds like the s in measure

So the stressed syllables are:

• prezeKEdo
• ankoRAŬ
• esTAS
• brokanTAĵo

It is often physical, as in this sentence:

• sur la brokantaĵo = on the second-hand item

But sur can also be used in broader ways, like English on, depending on context. Still, in this sentence the meaning is clearly physical: the price tag is attached to or resting on the item.

So a learner should understand this sentence very literally:

• the tag is on the object.