Ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi, la tempolimo restas sama.

In this sentence, ĉu ... ĉu ... is a fixed pattern meaning whether ... or ....

So:

• ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi = whether she is distributing them, or I am

This is different from the more familiar use of ĉu at the start of a yes/no question. Here, the repeated ĉu creates two alternatives.

No. Even though ĉu often introduces a yes/no question, this sentence is not functioning as a question here.

Because it uses the pair ĉu ... ĉu ..., the sentence is making a statement:

• whether she does it or I do, the deadline stays the same

So the sentence is declarative in meaning, not interrogative.

This is an example of omission of repeated words, which is very common and natural.

The full idea is:

• Ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi disdonas, la tempolimo restas sama.

But since disdonas would be repeated and is easy to understand from the first clause, Esperanto leaves it out:

• ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi

English does the same thing:

• whether she does it or I do

Disdonas comes from:

• dis- = in different directions, among several recipients
• don- = give
• -as = present tense

So disdoni means to distribute, to hand out, or to give out to multiple people.

It is more specific than plain doni, which just means to give.

Because mi is the subject, not the object.

In the understood full version, the second clause is:

• ĉu mi disdonas

Here mi means I and is the subject of disdonas.

You would only use min if me were the direct object.

Because sama is not a direct object here. It is a predicate adjective after restas.

In:

• la tempolimo restas sama

la tempolimo is the subject, and sama describes the subject. Esperanto does not add -n to predicate adjectives like this.

Compare:

• La ĉielo estas blua. = The sky is blue.
• La tempolimo restas sama. = The deadline remains the same.

In both cases, the adjective stays in the basic form, not the accusative.

Tempolimo is a compound word:

• tempo = time
• limo = limit, boundary

So tempolimo means time limit or deadline, depending on context.

Esperanto often forms words this way by combining smaller meaningful parts.

Because it agrees with la tempolimo, which is singular.

In Esperanto, adjectives agree with the nouns they describe in number and case. Since tempolimo is singular and nominative, sama is also singular and nominative.

If the noun were plural, you would say:

• la tempolimoj restas samaj

Restas is the present-tense form of resti, which means to remain or to stay.

So:

• la tempolimo restas sama

literally means:

• the deadline remains the same

It links the subject to a description, much like estas, but with the idea of continuing unchanged.

The commas separate the two alternative clauses from the main clause.

The structure is:

• ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi, = whether she distributes them, or I do
• la tempolimo restas sama = the deadline remains the same

The commas help show that the opening part is a kind of introductory alternative phrase. They make the sentence much easier to read.

Yes. Esperanto word order is fairly flexible, especially when the grammar is clear.

For example, you could also say:

• La tempolimo restas sama, ĉu ŝi disdonas, ĉu mi.

That would mean essentially the same thing. The original order puts more focus first on the alternatives she vs I. The reordered version puts the main statement first.

Both are understandable, but the original version is perfectly normal.