In de dressing doet Anna nog wat honing, omdat de azijn anders te scherp smaakt.

Because Dutch main clauses follow the verb-second (V2) rule.

The sentence starts with In de dressing, so that first position is already taken. The finite verb must then come second:

• In de dressing doet Anna ...

After that, the subject Anna comes next.

If you started with the subject instead, you would get:

• Anna doet nog wat honing in de dressing.

Both are correct, but the original puts extra focus on where she adds the honey.

nog wat honing means some more honey or a little more honey.

• nog = still / yet / another / more
• wat = some

Here wat does not mean what. It is an informal quantity word meaning some or a bit of.

So:

• wat honing = some honey
• nog wat honing = some more honey

Yes, doen often means to do, but it can also mean to put in everyday Dutch.

In cooking and recipes, this is very common:

• zout in de soep doen = put salt in the soup
• suiker bij de koffie doen = add sugar to the coffee

So in this sentence:

• In de dressing doet Anna nog wat honing = Anna adds/puts some more honey into the dressing

A more explicit verb would be:

• Anna voegt nog wat honing toe aan de dressing.

That is also correct, but doen sounds very natural in speech.

Yes, both can be possible, but the nuance is slightly different.

• in de dressing = into the dressing
• door de dressing = through the dressing / mixed into the dressing

With doen, in is very natural when you mean putting an ingredient into something.

In cooking, Dutch also often uses door when emphasizing mixing:

• Anna doet nog wat honing door de dressing.

That sounds like she mixes the honey into it. The original in de dressing is perfectly understandable and natural.

Yes. dressing is a common loanword in Dutch, especially for salad dressing.

It takes the article de:

• de dressing

Many borrowed words from English are fully accepted in everyday Dutch, and learners just have to memorize which article they take. In this case, it is de.

Because omdat introduces a subordinate clause, and in Dutch subordinate clauses the finite verb usually goes to the end.

So:

• omdat = because
• de azijn anders te scherp smaakt = the vinegar otherwise tastes too sharp

This is standard Dutch word order.

Compare:

• Main clause: De azijn smaakt te scherp.
• Subordinate clause: ... omdat de azijn te scherp smaakt.

That final verb position is one of the biggest differences from English.

Here anders means otherwise.

So:

• omdat de azijn anders te scherp smaakt
• = because otherwise the vinegar tastes too sharp

It does not mean different in this sentence.

Dutch anders can mean different things depending on context:

• een andere auto = a different car
• anders smaakt het te scherp = otherwise it tastes too sharp

te scherp means too sharp, too harsh, or sometimes too acidic/pungent, depending on the food.

• te = too
• scherp = sharp

For vinegar, sharp is a very natural meaning: vinegar can taste too strong, too acidic, or too biting. So the honey is added to soften that taste.

Dutch often uses scherp for strong flavors, not just for knives or pointed objects.

Dutch often uses the article with substances and ingredients when referring to them as a specific thing in the situation.

So here:

• de azijn = the vinegar

This sounds like the vinegar in the dressing, or the vinegar being used in this recipe.

Without the article, azijn would sound more general, like vinegar as a substance. Both can exist in Dutch, but de azijn is very natural here.

Because it comes after the quantity expression wat.

• wat honing = some honey

When you use a quantity word like wat, veel, weinig, or een beetje, you normally do not add a separate article before the mass noun:

• wat suiker = some sugar
• een beetje melk = a little milk
• veel water = a lot of water

So wat honing is exactly what you would expect.

Because the sentence is about how the vinegar tastes, not just about an abstract quality.

• De azijn smaakt te scherp. = The vinegar tastes too sharp.
• De azijn is te scherp. = The vinegar is too sharp.

Both can be possible, but smaakt is more directly about flavor perception, so it fits food language better.

Yes, it is natural Dutch. A Dutch speaker might also say it in a few slightly different ways, for example:

• Anna doet nog wat honing in de dressing, omdat de azijn anders te scherp smaakt.
• Anna doet nog wat honing door de dressing, omdat de azijn anders te scherp smaakt.
• Anna voegt nog wat honing toe aan de dressing, omdat de azijn anders te scherp smaakt.

The original sentence is completely fine. The main differences are emphasis and style:

• In de dressing at the front emphasizes the place.
• doet is everyday and conversational.
• voegt toe is a bit more explicit or formal.