Bovenaan de pagina staat de datum van het feest.

Dutch main clauses usually follow the verb-second rule: the finite verb comes in the second position.

So if you begin with the location phrase Bovenaan de pagina (at the top of the page), the verb must come next:

Bovenaan de pagina staat de datum van het feest.

If you start with the subject instead, that is also correct:

De datum van het feest staat bovenaan de pagina.

Both are natural, but the first version puts extra focus on where the date is.

In Dutch, staan is often used for things that are written, printed, or positioned somewhere, especially on a page, sign, list, or screen.

So:

• Bovenaan de pagina staat de datum. = The date appears / is written at the top of the page.

Using is would sound less idiomatic here. Dutch prefers staan when talking about text or information located on a surface or in a visible place.

Bovenaan means at the top or at the top part of something.

It is a common adverb used for position:

• bovenaan de pagina = at the top of the page
• bovenaan de lijst = at the top of the list

It is written as one word.

Dutch nouns have grammatical gender, and each noun takes either de or het as its definite article.

In this sentence:

• de pagina = the page
• de datum = the date
• het feest = the party / celebration

Unfortunately, you often just have to learn whether a noun takes de or het. There are some patterns, but many nouns must simply be memorized.

Van het feest means of the party or for the party, depending on context.

In this sentence, de datum van het feest means:

• the date of the party
• in natural English, often the party date

So van often works like English of when linking nouns.

Because the sentence begins with a different element: Bovenaan de pagina.

In a Dutch main clause, if something other than the subject comes first, the finite verb still has to stay in second position. That pushes the subject to come after the verb:

• first element: Bovenaan de pagina
• second position: staat
• then subject: de datum van het feest

This is a very common Dutch word order pattern.

Yes, absolutely. That is also correct and very natural.

Compare:

• Bovenaan de pagina staat de datum van het feest.
• De datum van het feest staat bovenaan de pagina.

The meaning is basically the same. The difference is mainly emphasis:

• starting with Bovenaan de pagina emphasizes the location
• starting with De datum van het feest emphasizes the date itself

No, not here.

Bovenaan de pagina is a normal and natural Dutch expression meaning at the top of the page. You do not need op.

Dutch often expresses this kind of location directly:

• bovenaan de pagina
• onderaan de brief
• midden op de pagina is also possible, but that is a different structure

So in this sentence, bovenaan de pagina is exactly what you would expect.

Yes. The subject is de datum van het feest, and the head noun is datum, which is singular.

So the verb is singular:

• de datum ... staat

If the subject were plural, the verb would change:

• Bovenaan de pagina staan de data van de feesten.

So staat agrees with the singular subject de datum.