Forkortelsen står i mine noter, men hele ordet står i opgaven.

Because forkortelsen is the definite singular form of forkortelse.

• en forkortelse = an abbreviation
• forkortelsen = the abbreviation

In Danish, the definite article is often attached to the end of the noun instead of being a separate word like the in English.

So:

• Forkortelsen står i mine noter = The abbreviation appears / is written in my notes

In Danish, stå is often used when talking about something that is written somewhere.

So står here does not literally mean that something is physically standing. It means something like:

• is written
• appears
• is stated

Examples:

• Det står i bogen. = It says so in the book.
• Hvad står der på tavlen? = What is written on the board?

So in this sentence, står is a very natural Danish verb.

Står is the present tense of stå.

• at stå = to stand
• står = stands / is standing / appears / is written, depending on context

Here it means is written or appears.

Both clauses use the same verb:

• Forkortelsen står i mine noter
• hele ordet står i opgaven

That parallel structure is very common and natural.

Because noter is plural, and the possessive form used here is mine.

Compare:

• min note = my note (singular, common gender)
• mit ord = my word (singular, neuter)
• mine noter = my notes (plural)

So:

• mine noter = my notes

This is one of the important possessive patterns in Danish:

• min for singular common gender
• mit for singular neuter
• mine for plural

Because Danish usually does not use a separate article together with a possessive in this kind of phrase.

So you say:

• mine noter = my notes

not something like:

• de mine noter

This is similar to English, where we say my notes, not the my notes.

Here noter means notes, as in personal written study notes.

So:

• mine noter = my notes

A learner might confuse note with the English singular note, but in Danish:

• en note can mean a note
• noter is the plural
• depending on context, noter can also mean musical notes or even grades, but here it clearly means written notes

Hele ordet means the whole word or the full word.

It emphasizes that in the exercise, the word is written out completely, not abbreviated.

Compare:

• ordet = the word
• hele ordet = the whole word / the full word

So the contrast is:

• Forkortelsen = the abbreviated form
• hele ordet = the complete form

That contrast is the key idea in the sentence.

Hele means whole or entire.

In this sentence, it describes ordet:

• hele ordet = the whole word

It is used to contrast with forkortelsen. In other words:

• in the notes, you have the short form
• in the exercise, you have the complete form

So hele is functioning much like English whole or full.

Because ord is a neuter noun (et ord), and the definite singular ending for many neuter nouns is -et.

So:

• et ord = a word
• ordet = the word

Compare this with forkortelse, which is a common-gender noun:

• en forkortelse
• forkortelsen

This sentence is useful because it shows both common-gender and neuter definite forms.

Opgaven means the exercise, the assignment, or the task, depending on context.

• en opgave = an exercise / assignment / task
• opgaven = the exercise / the assignment

In a school or textbook context, opgaven often means:

• the exercise
• the question/task you have to do

So in this sentence, it probably refers to the exercise where the full word appears.

Danish often uses i where English might sometimes think of in or even on, depending on the situation.

Here:

• i mine noter = in my notes
• i opgaven = in the exercise / in the assignment

The idea is that the text appears within that written material.

Prepositions do not always match English exactly, so this is a phrase worth learning as a natural chunk:

• stå i en tekst
• stå i bogen
• stå i noterne
• stå i opgaven

Because men introduces a new main clause, and Danish main clauses normally follow the verb-second pattern.

First clause:

• Forkortelsen = subject
• står = verb
• i mine noter = rest

Second clause:

• hele ordet = subject
• står = verb
• i opgaven = rest

So after men, the second clause is just another normal main clause:

• men hele ordet står i opgaven

That is why the verb stays in second position.

Grammatically, yes, that is the literal meaning of står, but it would sound unnatural in English.

A better English rendering would be:

• The abbreviation is in my notes, but the full word is in the exercise.
• The abbreviation appears in my notes, but the full word appears in the exercise.
• The abbreviation is written in my notes, but the whole word is written in the exercise.

This is a good example of why literal word-for-word translation is not always the best approach.

It is doing both, but the main contrast is between the two forms:

• forkortelsen = the abbreviation
• hele ordet = the full word

And those two forms are found in different places:

• i mine noter
• i opgaven

So the sentence structure creates a neat contrast:

• abbreviated form in one place
• full form in another place

Its main meaning is abbreviation or shortened form.

Related words:

• at forkorte = to shorten
• forkortelse = abbreviation / shortening

In this sentence, forkortelsen clearly means an abbreviation of a word or expression.

Yes. It is a very useful pattern because it shows several common features of Danish all at once:

• definite nouns with endings: forkortelsen, ordet, opgaven
• possessive + noun: mine noter
• stå meaning be written / appear
• contrast with men: ..., men ...
• simple main-clause word order

So even though the sentence is not difficult, it contains a lot of very typical Danish grammar.