Jeg lærer af andre, når jeg øver mig på sproget.

Because at lære af nogen means to learn from someone.

In Danish, lære can be used in different ways:

• at lære noget = to learn something
• at lære nogen noget = to teach someone something
• at lære af nogen = to learn from someone

So in Jeg lærer af andre, af andre shows the source of the learning: from others.

Be careful, because jeg lærer andre would usually mean I teach others, not I learn others.

Here af means from, in the sense of learning from a source.

With at lære, Danish normally uses af:

• Jeg lærer af mine fejl = I learn from my mistakes
• Vi lærer af hinanden = We learn from each other

Even though fra can also mean from in many contexts, lære af is the standard expression. For an English speaker, it is best to learn lære af as a set phrase.

Andre by itself means others or other people in a general sense.

So:

• Jeg lærer af andre = I learn from others

If you said de andre, that would mean the others, usually a more specific group already known in the conversation:

• Jeg lærer af de andre i klassen = I learn from the others in the class

So andre is more general, while de andre is more specific.

Because når jeg øver mig på sproget is a full subordinate clause, and it needs its own subject.

The sentence has two parts:

• Jeg lærer af andre = main clause
• når jeg øver mig på sproget = subordinate clause

In English, you also repeat the subject:

• I learn from others when I practice the language

You would not say when practice the language, so Danish also needs jeg there.

Because after a subordinating conjunction like når, Danish uses normal subordinate-clause word order: subject + verb.

So:

• når jeg øver mig = when I practice

Not:

• når øver jeg mig ❌

A useful contrast:

• Main clause: Jeg øver mig
• Subordinate clause: når jeg øver mig

If you move the når-clause to the front, then the main clause changes word order:

• Når jeg øver mig på sproget, lærer jeg af andre.

Notice lærer jeg in the main clause after the fronted clause. That is standard Danish V2 word order.

At øve sig means to practice.

It is a reflexive expression, so Danish uses a reflexive pronoun:

• jeg øver mig = I practice
• du øver dig = you practice
• han øver sig = he practices

That is why mig is there. It is not optional in this meaning.

There is also a non-reflexive use of øve, but it means something more like practice something / rehearse something:

• Jeg øver sangen = I practice the song
• Jeg øver mig på dansk = I practice Danish

So in your sentence, øver mig is the natural way to say I practice.

Because Danish often uses øve sig på for practicing a skill, subject, or task.

Examples:

• øve sig på dansk = practice Danish
• øve sig på udtalen = practice pronunciation
• øve sig på sproget = practice the language

The preposition på is just part of how this expression works. English speakers often want to translate word-for-word, but it is better to learn øve sig på as a chunk.

Sproget is the definite form, meaning the language.

In this sentence, it usually refers to a specific language already understood from context, for example the language you are learning. That is why Danish uses the definite form:

• på sproget = on/the language, meaning the language in question

Other possibilities are also possible in different contexts:

• på et sprog = on a language / in a language
• på dansk = in Danish

So sproget sounds natural when both speaker and listener know which language is meant.

Because Danish normally uses a comma before subordinate clauses, including clauses introduced by når.

So:

• Jeg lærer af andre, når jeg øver mig på sproget.

This is standard Danish punctuation. English also often uses a comma in similar places, but Danish comma rules are a bit more regular about marking subordinate clauses.

Når means when, usually for something that happens regularly, generally, or whenever the situation occurs.

So this sentence means something like:

• I learn from others when/whenever I practice the language

If you used hvis, it would mean if:

• Jeg lærer af andre, hvis jeg øver mig på sproget = I learn from others if I practice the language

That sounds more conditional and less like a general truth. In your sentence, når is the natural choice.

Yes. Danish allows that very naturally:

• Når jeg øver mig på sproget, lærer jeg af andre.

This means the same thing, but the focus shifts slightly because the time/condition part comes first.

Notice the word order in the main clause after the fronted subordinate clause:

• lærer jeg af andre

Not:

• jeg lærer af andre ❌

That happens because Danish main clauses follow the V2 rule: the finite verb comes in second position.

A few words here may be tricky for English speakers:

• jeg: often sounds roughly like yai or yigh, depending on accent
• lærer: the æ is an open front vowel, and the r affects the sound; roughly LEH-er
• øver: the ø is a rounded front vowel that English does not really have
• sproget: the ending -et is usually a weak syllable

The hardest vowel here is probably ø in øver. To make ø, try saying something like eh while rounding your lips.

Also remember that spoken Danish is often less clearly pronounced than the spelling suggests, so listening to native audio is especially important.

Primarily, it means learning from others.

• lærer af andre = learn from others

It does not directly say that you are practicing together with them. If you wanted to emphasize that idea, Danish might use med:

• Jeg øver mig med andre = I practice with others

So your sentence is about other people being a source of learning, especially during practice.

It can mean both, depending on the structure.

This is a very common source of confusion for English speakers.

• at lære noget = to learn something
• at lære nogen noget = to teach someone something

Examples:

• Jeg lærer dansk = I am learning Danish
• Jeg lærer børnene dansk = I teach the children Danish

So in your sentence, Jeg lærer af andre, the structure clearly shows learn, not teach.

The sentence follows this pattern:

• Main clause + subordinate clause

Breaking it down:

• Jeg = subject
• lærer = finite verb
• af andre = prepositional phrase
• når = subordinating conjunction
• jeg = subject of the subordinate clause
• øver = finite verb
• mig = reflexive pronoun
• på sproget = prepositional phrase

So the full structure is:

• Jeg lærer af andre
• når jeg øver mig på sproget

That is a very useful pattern to recognize in Danish.