Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet og derefter læser jeg i bogen.

Because Danish main clauses normally follow the V2 rule: the finite verb comes in the second position.

Basic order:

• Jeg læser = subject + verb

But if you move another element to the front, that element takes first place, and the verb still stays second:

• Derefter læser jeg = adverb + verb + subject

So derefter jeg læser is not correct in a normal main clause.

Because og joins two full main clauses here:

• Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet
• derefter læser jeg i bogen

Each main clause needs its own subject, so you say læser jeg, not just læser.

This is different from English, where repetition can sometimes be avoided more easily in shorter structures.

Derefter means after that / afterwards / then. It shows that the second action happens after the first one.

Yes, så is often possible and is very common in everyday Danish:

• Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet, og så læser jeg i bogen.

That sounds a bit more conversational.
Derefter is slightly more formal or orderly in tone.

In Danish, the definite article is usually added as an ending:

• udsigt = view

• udsigten = the view

• vindue = window
• vinduet = the window

This is one of the big differences from English. Instead of putting the before the noun, Danish often attaches definiteness to the noun itself.

Also notice the endings:

• -en is common with common gender nouns
• -et is common with neuter nouns

So:

• en udsigt → udsigten
• et vindue → vinduet

Fra means from, and here it shows the viewpoint: the view is seen from the window.

So udsigten fra vinduet means the view as seen from that window.

An English speaker may expect something like out of the window, but Danish often expresses this differently. Depending on context, Danish can also use other phrases, but fra vinduet is a normal and understandable way to say it.

This is an important distinction.

• læse bogen = read the book
• læse i bogen = read in the book

So i bogen suggests reading within the book, not necessarily finishing it or treating the whole book as the direct object.

For example:

• Jeg læser bogen = I am reading the book
• Jeg læser i bogen = I am reading in the book / doing some reading in it

To an English speaker, this can feel unusual, because English often just says read the book. In Danish, the preposition changes the nuance.

It is grammatically fine, but the second part may sound a little context-dependent.

A Danish speaker might more often say:

• Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet, og så læser jeg i en bog.
• Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet, og derefter læser jeg i min bog.

Why? Because i bogen can sound slightly specific in a way that may need context: which book?
If a specific book has already been mentioned, i bogen is perfectly natural.

So the sentence works, but in real conversation Danish speakers often choose så, en bog, or min bog, depending on what they mean.

Because Danish, like English, can use the present tense for:

• habitual actions
• general descriptions
• a kind of narrative present

So the sentence can mean something like a routine or a simple description of what happens:

• first I enjoy the view
• then I read in the book

If you wanted to make it clearly about the future, you would usually need extra context or another form, for example with skal or vil.

Normally, no comma is used before og in this kind of sentence in standard modern Danish.

So this is fine:

• Jeg nyder udsigten fra vinduet og derefter læser jeg i bogen.

Some writers may still choose punctuation differently for style or clarity, but as a general learning rule, no comma before og is the safe choice here.

Because nyde normally takes a direct object in Danish.

So:

• Jeg nyder udsigten
• Jeg nyder musikken
• Jeg nyder stilheden

This works much like English enjoy:

• I enjoy the view
• I enjoy the music

So there is no extra preposition needed between nyder and udsigten.