Kočka si olizuje tlapku.

• kočka = cat
• si = a reflexive/dative pronoun, often meaning something like for itself / to itself
• olizuje = licks / is licking
• tlapku = paw in the accusative form

So structurally, it is something like The cat is licking its paw.

Kočka is the subject of the sentence, so it is in the nominative case, which is the basic dictionary form for this noun.

• nominative singular: kočka = cat
• The sentence is about what the cat is doing, so nominative is expected.

Because tlapka is the direct object of the verb olizovat (to lick), it has to be in the accusative case.

For this feminine noun:

• nominative: tlapka
• accusative: tlapku

So:

• kočka = the one doing the action
• tlapku = the thing being licked

Si is a very common Czech reflexive pronoun. In this sentence, it shows that the action is connected back to the subject:

• Kočka si olizuje tlapku = The cat is licking its paw

The idea is that the cat is doing something to its own body / for itself, not to someone else’s paw.

In many body-part actions, Czech uses si where English would simply use its, his, her, etc.

Because si and se are different case forms of the reflexive pronoun.

• se is usually accusative or part of many reflexive verbs
• si is dative

Here, Czech uses si with body-part expressions:

• Myju si ruce. = I wash my hands
• Čistí si zuby. = He/She brushes his/her teeth
• Kočka si olizuje tlapku. = The cat is licking its paw

So si is the normal choice in this pattern.

Because Czech often does not need to say its/his/her/my with body parts when possession is obvious from context.

Instead of saying something like its paw, Czech commonly says:

• si
  • body part

So:

• Kočka si olizuje tlapku naturally means the cat is licking its own paw.

You could add a possessive word for emphasis, but normally it is unnecessary.

Yes, you could, but it changes the feel.

• Kočka si olizuje tlapku strongly suggests its own paw
• Kočka olizuje tlapku is more neutral and could, in theory, mean a paw or be less explicit about whose paw it is

In normal Czech, si is the natural choice when someone is doing something to their own body part.

Olizuje is:

• 3rd person singular
• present tense
• from the verb olizovat = to lick

It matches kočka, which is singular:

• já olizuju / olizuji
• ty olizuješ
• on/ona/ono olizuje
• kočka olizuje

In English, depending on context, this can mean:

• licks
• is licking

Because Czech present tense often covers both:

• a simple present meaning
• a present continuous meaning

So Kočka si olizuje tlapku can mean:

• The cat licks its paw
• The cat is licking its paw

Context tells you which English translation sounds best.

Yes, olizovat is imperfective.

That means it presents the action as:

• ongoing
• repeated
• without focus on completion

That fits very well here, because a cat licking its paw is usually seen as an ongoing action.

A perfective partner can be something like olíznout, meaning more like to give a lick / to lick once or to completion.

So:

• olizuje = is licking / licks
• olízne = will lick once / gives a lick

Yes. Czech word order is more flexible than English because case endings show grammatical roles.

The neutral order is:

• Kočka si olizuje tlapku.

But other orders are possible, depending on emphasis:

• Tlapku si olizuje kočka.
• Kočka tlapku si olizuje. (less neutral)
• Si kočka olizuje tlapku. (possible in special contexts, but not the normal beginner pattern)

For a learner, the standard sentence order Kočka si olizuje tlapku is the best one to use.

Yes.

• tlapka = paw
• noha = leg / foot

For an animal like a cat, tlapka is the natural word if you mean the paw specifically.

So Kočka si olizuje tlapku sounds more idiomatic than using nohu here.

Yes, you can.

• svou tlapku = its own paw

But in normal Czech, this is often unnecessary, because si already makes the meaning clear.

So:

• Kočka si olizuje tlapku. = the most natural everyday version
• Kočka si olizuje svou tlapku. = possible, but more explicit or emphatic

A simple pronunciation guide is:

• Kočka ≈ KOCH-ka
• si ≈ see
• olizuje ≈ o-LEE-zoo-ye
• tlapku ≈ TLAP-koo

A few helpful points:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word
• č sounds like ch in church
• c would be different, but here it is č
• j in Czech sounds like English y

So the sentence has roughly this rhythm:

KOCH-ka si o-LEE-zoo-ye TLAP-koo

Because Czech has no articles.

English distinguishes:

• a cat
• the cat

Czech usually does not. Kočka can mean:

• a cat
• the cat

Context decides which is meant. In this sentence, English would usually translate it as The cat is licking its paw, but Czech does not need a separate word for the.