Pole pro podání je u postranní čáry.

Here pole means a court area / box / marked section of the playing area, not literally a farm field.

A few useful notes:

• pole is a neuter noun
• in this sentence it is singular
• you can tell it is singular because the verb is je = is

So Pole pro podání is basically the service area / service box.

Because pro means for, and it takes the accusative case.

So:

• pro = for
• podání = serving / a serve / service depending on context

Together, pro podání means for serving or for the serve.

This is a very normal Czech way to make a phrase like area for X:

• místo pro hosty = place for guests
• čas pro odpočinek = time for rest
• pole pro podání = area for serving

Because podání is one of those Czech nouns whose nominative singular and accusative singular look the same.

It is a verbal noun ending in -ání, formed from a verb. In many neuter nouns of this type, the form does not change between those two cases.

So:

• nominative: podání
• accusative: podání

Even though the case changes grammatically, the visible form stays the same.

In everyday Czech, podání can have several meanings, such as submission, performance, or serve, depending on context.

In this sports sentence, it means a serve / serving.

So here it is clearly sports vocabulary, not something like filing a document.

The preposition u takes the genitive case.

So:

• dictionary form: čára = line
• genitive singular: čáry

That is why you get:

• u čáry = by the line
• u postranní čáry = by the sideline

So the grammar is:

• u
  • genitive

Postranní means side or lateral. In sports, postranní čára means sideline.

It stays postranní because it is an adjective type whose form is often the same in several case endings, including this one.

Here it agrees with čáry, which is:

• feminine
• singular
• genitive

So the whole phrase is:

• u postranní čáry = by the sideline

Because u usually means by, at, or near.

That fits this sentence well: the service area is by the sideline.

Compare:

• u postranní čáry = by / near the sideline
• vedle postranní čáry = next to the sideline
• na postranní čáře = on the sideline

So u is a natural choice if the idea is located by it, not literally on top of it.

Because Czech does not have articles like a and the.

So Czech often just says:

• pole where English might say the service box
• čára where English might say the line

Whether something is the, a, or just general is understood from context.

No, Czech word order is fairly flexible.

Pole pro podání je u postranní čáry is a normal, neutral order:

• first the thing being talked about
• then the verb
• then the location

But you could also say:

• U postranní čáry je pole pro podání.

That would put more emphasis on the location: By the sideline, there is the service area.

So the original sentence is natural, but not the only possible order.

A simple pronunciation guide:

• Pole ≈ PO-leh
• pro ≈ pro
• podání ≈ po-DAA-nee
• je ≈ yeh
• u ≈ oo
• postranní ≈ po-STRAN-nee
• čáry ≈ CHAA-ree

A few key points:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word
• á and í are long vowels
• č sounds like ch in church
• j sounds like English y in yes

So the whole sentence is roughly:

PO-leh pro po-DAA-nee yeh oo po-STRAN-nee CHAA-ree