Účetní závěrka má velké množství informací.

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• účetní = accounting, financial, bookkeeping-related
• závěrka = closing, statement, final report
  Together účetní závěrka means financial statement or accounts / financial closing statement, depending on context.
• má = has
• velké = big, large
• množství = amount, quantity
• informací = of information / information items

So the structure is basically:

financial statement + has + large amount + of information

Natural English translations might be:

• The financial statement has a large amount of information.
• The financial statement contains a lot of information.

Yes, účetní is an adjective modifying závěrka.

It belongs to a type of Czech adjective whose basic form often ends in -ní or -tí, like:

• účetní = accounting/financial
• státní = state
• jarní = spring
• poslední = last

These adjectives do decline, but many forms look the same. In this sentence, účetní is in the feminine singular nominative, agreeing with závěrka.

So:

• účetní závěrka = financial statement
• účetního roku = of the financial year
• účetním dokladům = to accounting documents

The important point for a learner is: yes, it is an adjective, and here it agrees with the noun závěrka.

Závěrka is a feminine noun.

You can usually guess that because it ends in -a, which is a very common feminine ending in Czech.

That matters because adjectives must agree with the noun they describe. So:

• účetní závěrka = feminine singular
• if it were masculine, the adjective form could be different
• if it were plural, the adjective form would also change

In this sentence, účetní happens to look the same, but the gender still matters grammatically.

Also, závěrka is the subject of the sentence, so the sentence is about the financial statement.

Má is the 3rd person singular present tense of mít = to have.

Conjugation of mít in the present tense:

• já mám = I have
• ty máš = you have
• on/ona/ono má = he/she/it has
• my máme = we have
• vy máte = you have
• oni/ony mají = they have

Since účetní závěrka is a singular subject, Czech uses má:

• Účetní závěrka má... = The financial statement has...

In this context, má can also be understood as contains.

Because velké must agree with množství.

The noun množství is:

• neuter
• singular
• here in the accusative form, which looks the same as the nominative

So the adjective must also be neuter singular:

• velké množství = a large amount

Compare:

• velký problém = a big problem masculine
• velká chyba = a big mistake feminine
• velké množství = a large amount neuter

Even though the whole phrase later refers to informací, the adjective velké agrees with množství, not with informací.

Because after množství Czech normally uses the genitive.

So:

• množství čeho? = amount of what?
• množství informací = amount of information

The form informací is genitive plural of informace.

Basic forms:

• informace = information
• bez informací = without information
• množství informací = a quantity of information

This is very common in Czech after quantity words and nouns such as:

• hodně lidí = many people
• málo času = little time
• množství údajů = an amount of data
• spousta otázek = lots of questions

So the key rule is: quantity expressions often trigger the genitive.

Czech often treats informace as a normal countable plural noun in places where English uses uncountable information.

So Czech naturally says:

• množství informací
• hodně informací
• málo informací

Even though English usually says a lot of information rather than many informations.

This is one of those places where Czech and English organize the idea differently:

• English: information is usually uncountable
• Czech: informace is commonly used in the plural in quantity expressions

So informací here is completely normal.

Yes. That would be very natural.

Compare the two:

• Účetní závěrka má velké množství informací.
• Účetní závěrka má hodně informací.

The second one is simpler and more everyday.
The first one sounds a bit more formal, technical, or written.

A rough difference:

• hodně informací = a lot of information
• velké množství informací = a large amount of information

So both are correct, but velké množství sounds more formal.

Yes. Depending on style, Czech could also use verbs like:

• obsahuje = contains
• zahrnuje = includes
• uvádí = states / gives

For example:

• Účetní závěrka obsahuje velké množství informací.
• Účetní závěrka zahrnuje velké množství informací.

But má is still perfectly correct and natural. Czech often uses mít in a broader sense than just possession. It can mean something like:

• has
• contains
• features

So here má is not strange at all.

The neutral word order here is:

• Účetní závěrka má velké množství informací.

This is the most straightforward version: subject + verb + object.

But Czech word order is quite flexible, and changing it can shift emphasis. For example:

• Velké množství informací má účetní závěrka.
  This emphasizes velké množství informací.
• Účetní závěrka velké množství informací má.
  This is possible, but it sounds marked or contrastive.

So yes, the words can move, but the original sentence is the most neutral and standard version.

A helpful rough pronunciation guide for an English speaker is:

• Účetní ≈ OO-chet-nee
• závěrka ≈ ZAA-vyair-ka
• má ≈ maa
• velké ≈ VEL-kay
• množství ≈ MNOZH-stvee
• informací ≈ in-for-ma-tsee

A few important sounds:

• ú is a long oo
• á is a long aa
• é is a long ay
• č sounds like ch in check
• ž sounds like the s in measure
• ř does not appear here, but many learners expect it in Czech words, so no need to worry about it in this sentence

Stress in Czech is normally on the first syllable of each word:

• Účetní
• závěrka
• má
• velké
• množství
• informací

It is in the nominative, because it is the subject of the sentence.

You can ask:

• Co má velké množství informací? = What has a large amount of information?

Answer:

• Účetní závěrka.

That tells you it is the subject, so nominative makes sense.

The sentence structure is:

• Účetní závěrka = nominative subject
• má = verb
• velké množství informací = object phrase

It is singular.

Even though it refers to many pieces of information, the noun itself means amount or quantity, which is a singular idea.

So Czech treats it as singular:

• velké množství informací je důležité = a large amount of information is important
• množství údajů bylo zveřejněno = a quantity of data was published

This is similar to English, where a large amount of information is also grammatically singular.

So in the sentence:

• velké množství = singular noun phrase
• informací = genitive plural dependent on that singular noun

Yes, it is natural, especially in formal, business, accounting, or written contexts.

Because účetní závěrka is a technical term, and velké množství informací is also fairly formal, the whole sentence sounds like something from:

• a textbook
• a report
• a business article
• an explanation of accounting documents

In more casual language, someone might say:

• V účetní závěrce je hodně informací. = There is a lot of information in the financial statement.
• Účetní závěrka obsahuje hodně informací. = The financial statement contains a lot of information.

But the original sentence is definitely correct and natural.