Toto je světový problém.

Toto means this.

In this sentence, toto stands alone as a pronoun: This is a global problem.

A learner will often also see to, tohle, or tenhle/tahle/tohle.

• toto = this; a bit more formal or careful
• to = often it/that/this, depending on context; very common in speech
• tohle = this here / this one; common and conversational

So Toto je světový problém is correct, but in everyday speech many people would also say:

• To je světový problém.
• Tohle je světový problém.

Because it has to agree with problém.

In Czech, adjectives change their endings to match the noun’s:

• gender
• number
• case

Here, problém is:

• masculine inanimate
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective also has the masculine inanimate singular nominative ending:

• světový problém

If the noun changed, the adjective would change too:

• světová otázka = a global question
• světové téma = a global topic
• světové problémy = global problems

Problém is in the nominative singular.

This is because the sentence has the structure:

• Toto = subject
• je = is
• světový problém = predicate noun phrase

In this type of basic identifying sentence, Czech normally uses the nominative:

• To je problém.
• To je otázka.
• To je dobrý nápad.

So problém stays in its dictionary form here.

Yes. In Czech, grammatical gender is not the same as biological sex.

The noun problém is grammatically masculine inanimate. That is just a grammar category. It does not mean the problem is somehow male.

This matters because other words must agree with it:

• ten problém
• světový problém
• velký problém

Because Czech does not have articles like English.

English needs:

• a problem
• the problem

Czech usually just says:

• problém

The listener understands from context whether it means a problem, the problem, or just problem in a general sense.

So světový problém can naturally correspond to:

• a global problem
• the global problem
• a world problem

depending on context.

In this sentence, the most natural English meaning is global problem or worldwide problem.

The adjective světový comes from svět = world. Its meaning depends on context. It can mean:

• world / global / worldwide
• sometimes world-class in other contexts

For example:

• světový problém = global problem
• světový mír = world peace
• světový tenista = a world-class tennis player / a top international tennis player

So here, with problém, the meaning is clearly global.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

svye-to-vee

More carefully:

• svě sounds roughly like svye
• to is short
• vý has a long final vowel, roughly like vee

Important details:

• ě often creates a y-like glide after the previous consonant
• ý is a long vowel

So světový is pronounced approximately SVYE-to-vee.

You do not need to make it sound exactly English-like; the key things are:

• keep the first syllable stressed: SVĚ
• pronounce the last ý long

Yes, Czech word order is flexible.

The sentence as given:

• Toto je světový problém.

is neutral and clear.

But Czech can move words around for emphasis:

• To je světový problém.
• Světový problém to je.
• To je problém světový. — possible, but less normal in ordinary speech

The most natural basic order is still:

• demonstrative + je + adjective + noun

So for learners, Toto je světový problém is a very good standard model.

Normally, no.

In present-tense sentences like this, Czech usually keeps the verb být:

• To je problém.
• To je pravda.
• To je důležité.

So je is needed here.

You may sometimes see the verb omitted in headlines, notes, or very compressed style, but that is not the normal full sentence pattern.

Yes. That is also correct.

Both are possible:

• To je světový problém.
• To je globální problém.

The difference is mostly one of style and nuance:

• světový problém sounds like world / worldwide / global
• globální problém is a more direct equivalent of global problem

In many contexts they are very close in meaning. A learner should understand both.

Because when Czech points to a general thing, situation, statement, or undefined this, it often uses the neuter demonstrative form.

Here, toto does not stand directly before a noun like this problem. Instead, it means something like this thing / this situation.

That is why neuter is natural:

• Toto je problém.
• Tohle je důležité.
• To je pravda.

If you were saying this problem, you would use the masculine form to match problém:

• ten problém = this/that problem

So:

• Toto je světový problém. = This is a global problem.
• Tento problém je světový. = This problem is global.