Spotřeba paliva je nízká.

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• spotřeba = consumption
• paliva = of fuel / fuel's in the sense of fuel consumption
• je = is
• nízká = low

So the structure is literally:

• Spotřeba paliva = consumption of fuel
• je nízká = is low

Natural English: Fuel consumption is low.

Because spotřeba usually takes the genitive case for what is being consumed.

• palivo = fuel (dictionary form, nominative singular)
• paliva = of fuel (genitive singular)

So:

• spotřeba paliva = consumption of fuel

This is very common in Czech. English often uses noun + noun combinations, like fuel consumption, but Czech more often uses a noun plus a genitive noun:

• spotřeba vody = water consumption
• cena benzínu = price of petrol
• výroba elektřiny = production of electricity

Spotřeba is in the nominative singular because it is the subject of the sentence.

In Spotřeba paliva je nízká:

• spotřeba = the thing being talked about, so it is the subject
• je = the verb
• nízká = describes the subject, so it agrees with spotřeba

You can think of the sentence structure as:

• [Subject] + [is] + [description]
• Spotřeba paliva + je + nízká

Because nízká must agree with spotřeba, and spotřeba is:

• feminine
• singular
• nominative

So the adjective also has to be feminine singular nominative:

• masculine: nízký
• feminine: nízká
• neuter: nízké

Examples:

• Ten stůl je nízký. = That table is low.
• Ta cena je nízká. = That price is low.
• To okno je nízké. = That window is low.

Here, since spotřeba is feminine, nízká is the correct form.

In standard Czech, je is normally required here.

• je is the 3rd person singular present form of být = to be
• je = is

So:

• Spotřeba paliva je nízká. = Fuel consumption is low.

Unlike some other Slavic languages, Czech normally does not omit the present tense of to be in ordinary sentences like this.

So Spotřeba paliva nízká would sound incomplete or incorrect in standard Czech.

Because Czech has no articles.

English needs words like:

• a
• an
• the

Czech usually expresses that meaning through context, word order, or other words if needed.

So:

• Spotřeba paliva je nízká. could mean
  The fuel consumption is low
  or
  Fuel consumption is low

Which one is best depends on context.

The neutral, most straightforward order is:

• Spotřeba paliva je nízká.

This is the most natural way to say it in isolation.

Czech word order is more flexible than English, but changing the order changes the focus or emphasis.

For example:

• Nízká je spotřeba paliva.
  This is possible, but it sounds more marked, as if emphasizing low.

• Paliva je spotřeba nízká.
  This is much less natural in normal usage.

So for a learner, the best default is:

• subject + je + adjective
• Spotřeba paliva je nízká.

A helpful approximate pronunciation is:

• Spotřeba ≈ SPOH-trzheh-ba
• paliva ≈ PA-li-va
• je ≈ ye
• nízká ≈ NEEZ-kaa

A few useful notes:

• Czech stress is usually on the first syllable of each word:

  • SPOtřeba
  • PAliva
  • JE
  • NÍZká

• The sound ř in spotřeba is famously difficult. It is a special Czech sound, something like a mix of r and zh. Learners often need time to master it.

• í is a long vowel, so nízká starts with a longer nee sound.

Spotřeba is a feminine noun.

You can see that from the adjective agreement:

• spotřeba ... nízká

Since the adjective ends in -á, that matches a feminine singular noun in the nominative.

This matters because in Czech, adjectives must agree with the noun in:

• gender
• number
• case

So if you learn spotřeba as feminine from the beginning, many other forms will make more sense.

Yes. Just like English low, Czech nízký / nízká / nízké can be used both literally and figuratively.

Here it means low in the sense of small in amount.

So Spotřeba paliva je nízká means:

• the amount of fuel used is small
• fuel consumption is low

Other similar uses:

• nízká cena = low price
• nízký plat = low salary
• nízká teplota = low temperature

So this is a very normal and common adjective here.

Yes, but that is not a full sentence in the same way.

• Spotřeba paliva je nízká. = Fuel consumption is low.
  This is a complete sentence.

• Nízká spotřeba paliva = low fuel consumption
  This is a noun phrase, not a full sentence.

You would use Nízká spotřeba paliva in places like:

• a heading
• an advertisement
• a list of product features

For example, on a car brochure:

• Nízká spotřeba paliva
• Velký kufr
• Moderní design

But if you want a normal sentence, use:

• Spotřeba paliva je nízká.

Yes, it is completely natural and standard.

It sounds neutral and would fit well in contexts like:

• car reviews
• technical descriptions
• product information
• everyday discussion about efficiency

For example, someone might say it about a car, machine, or heating system.

It is neither unusually formal nor slangy. It is just standard Czech.