Začinsko bilje raste na našem balkonu.

Yes. Začinsko bilje means herbs, especially herbs used for seasoning food.

Literally:

• začinsko = spice-related / seasoning
• bilje = plants / vegetation / herbs

As a set phrase, začinsko bilje is the normal way to say herbs in the cooking sense.

This is a very common question. In Croatian, bilje is a collective noun. It refers to plant life or herbs as a group, but grammatically it behaves like a singular neuter noun.

So:

• bilje raste = literally the herb-planting/herb vegetation grows
• not bilje rastu

That is why the verb is singular:

• raste = grows / is growing

Even though English often uses a plural idea like herbs grow, Croatian treats bilje as singular here.

Začinsko bilje is in the nominative singular, because it is the subject of the sentence.

Why -o?

• bilje is a neuter singular noun
• the adjective must agree with it in gender, number, and case
• so začinski changes to začinsko

Agreement here:

• začinsko = neuter singular nominative
• bilje = neuter singular nominative

Yes. Raste is the 3rd person singular present tense of rasti = to grow.

So:

• ja rastem = I grow
• ti rasteš = you grow
• on/ona/ono raste = he/she/it grows

In this sentence:

• Začinsko bilje raste... = Herbs are growing... or Herbs grow...

Depending on context, Croatian present tense can correspond to either simple present or present continuous in English.

Because this sentence expresses location, not movement.

Croatian uses:

• na + locative for being on/at a place
• na + accusative for motion onto/to a place

Here the herbs are already growing there, so this is location:

• na našem balkonu = on our balcony

Compare:

• Bilje raste na našem balkonu. = The herbs are growing on our balcony.
• Stavljamo bilje na naš balkon. = We are putting the herbs onto our balcony.

It is locative singular.

Why?

• the preposition na can take different cases
• when it means on / at in a stationary sense, it takes the locative
• balkon is a masculine noun
• locative singular of balkon is balkonu

The adjective must match:

• našem = locative singular masculine/neuter
• balkonu = locative singular masculine

The base form is naš = our. Like adjectives, it changes to match the noun.

Because balkonu is:

• masculine
• singular
• locative

the correct form is:

• našem balkonu

A few useful forms of naš:

• naš balkon = our balcony
• našeg balkona = of our balcony
• našem balkonu = on/to our balcony
• našim balkonom = with/by means of our balcony

So našem is just the agreement form required by balkonu.

Yes. Na balkonu simply means on the balcony or on a balcony, depending on context.

Adding našem makes it specific:

• na balkonu = on the balcony
• na našem balkonu = on our balcony

Croatian often leaves out possessives unless they are useful or important, but including našem is perfectly natural here.

Croatian word order is fairly flexible. The neutral order here is:

• Začinsko bilje raste na našem balkonu.

But other orders are possible for emphasis, for example:

• Na našem balkonu raste začinsko bilje. = On our balcony, herbs are growing.
• Raste začinsko bilje na našem balkonu. = less neutral, but possible in context

The most natural basic version is the original sentence.

A simple approximation is:

• za-CHIN-sko BIL-ye RAS-te na NA-shem bal-KO-nu

A few notes:

• č sounds like ch in chocolate
• lj is a soft sound, roughly like ly in million, though not exactly the same
• stress is not usually marked in normal writing, and learners are generally understood even if stress is not perfect

Sometimes, yes, depending on exactly what you mean.

For example:

• začinske biljke = herb plants / seasoning plants
• trave can sometimes mean herbs in certain contexts, but it is less precise here

The sentence:

• Začinsko bilje raste na našem balkonu.

sounds very natural if you mean herbs in general as a type of plant growing there.

If you wanted to emphasize separate plants, you might say:

• Začinske biljke rastu na našem balkonu.

Notice that then the verb becomes plural:

• biljke rastu = the plants grow

Yes, it sounds natural and correct.

It is a normal way to say that herbs are growing on your balcony. The sentence is simple, grammatical, and idiomatic:

• Začinsko bilje = herbs
• raste = is growing/grows
• na našem balkonu = on our balcony

So it is a good model sentence for learning both vocabulary and grammar.