Learn Hardcore Croatian: Vjerojatno ima temperaturu, pa ostaje kod kuće. - She probably has a fever, so she is staying at home.

bold vjerojatno bold = probably/likely (speaker thinks it’s more likely than not).
bold možda bold = maybe/perhaps (neutral possibility; 50–50).
You’ll also hear bold najvjerojatnije bold = most probably for extra certainty.

Why is there no word for he/she? Who is the subject?

Croatian is a pro‑drop language: subject pronouns are usually omitted because the verb ending shows person/number. Here bold ima bold and bold ostaje bold are 3rd person singular, so context supplies he or she. If you want to make it explicit, add bold On/Onа bold at the start.

Why bold temperaturu bold and not bold temperatura bold?

Because bold imati bold (to have) takes a direct object in the accusative case. bold Temperatura bold is a feminine -a noun; its singular accusative is bold temperaturu bold (‑u ending). So bold ima temperaturu bold = has a fever.

Is bold ima temperaturu bold the natural way to say has a fever? What about bold vrućica bold or bold groznica bold?

Most common: bold ima temperaturu bold (literally has temperature).
More formal/medical: bold ima povišenu temperaturu bold (has elevated temperature).
bold vrućica bold also means fever, but you’ll hear bold temperaturu bold more in everyday speech.
bold groznica bold often implies fever with chills or a bout of fever; it can sound stronger or more medical/literary.

What does bold pa bold mean here? How is it different from bold jer bold, bold zato bold, bold zato što bold?

bold pa bold is a coordinating conjunction meaning and then/so, often showing a mild consequence or sequence.
bold jer bold = because; it introduces the reason.
bold zato bold = therefore/so (an adverb); it points to a consequence.
bold zato što bold = because (two‑word conjunction). Rewrites:
bold Ostaje kod kuće jer vjerojatno ima temperaturu. bold (because)
bold Vjerojatno ima temperaturu, zato ostaje kod kuće. bold (therefore)
bold Vjerojatno ima temperaturu, pa ostaje kod kuće. bold (so/and then)

Why is there a comma before bold pa bold?

When bold pa bold links two clauses, Croatian normally uses a comma before it. No comma if bold pa bold just links single words or short phrases (e.g., bold hladan pa suh vjetar bold).

What’s going on with bold ostaje bold? Tense/aspect options?

bold ostaje bold is 3rd person singular present of the imperfective verb bold ostajati bold (to be staying, to remain).
Use it for a current or planned near‑present action: bold Danas ostaje kod kuće. bold
Perfective partner: bold ostati bold. For a single, completed action you’d use:
- Future: bold Ostat će kod kuće. bold (He/She will stay at home.)
- Past: bold Ostao/Ostala je kod kuće. bold (He/She stayed at home.)

Why bold kod kuće bold instead of bold u kući bold or bold kući bold?

bold kod kuće bold = at home (idiomatic, neutral standard). bold kod bold takes the genitive, hence bold kuće bold.
bold u kući bold = in the house (inside the building, more literal location).
bold kući bold alone:
- Direction: bold Idem kući. bold (I’m going home) — standard.
- Location: bold Biti kući bold is common colloquially, but standard prefers bold kod kuće bold for at home.

Can I move bold vjerojatno bold or bold kod kuće bold to other positions?

Yes, word order is flexible for nuance.

bold Vjerojatno ima temperaturu, pa ostaje kod kuće. bold (neutral)
bold Ima vjerojatno temperaturu, pa ostaje kod kuće. bold (focus on the object/uncertainty)
bold Kod kuće ostaje, jer vjerojatno ima temperaturu. bold (emphasis on location) All are grammatical; choice affects emphasis and flow.

How would it change for they?

Plural verb forms:

bold Vjerojatno imaju temperaturu, pa ostaju kod kuće. bold (3rd plural: bold imaju bold, bold ostaju bold)

How do I say the negative, and do I need a special case after negation?

Standard prefers genitive after negated transitive verbs (genitive of negation):
- bold Vjerojatno nema temperature, pa ne ostaje kod kuće. bold
In everyday speech you’ll also hear accusative:
- bold Vjerojatno nema temperaturu… bold Both occur, but the genitive bold temperature bold is the recommended standard. Negate verbs with bold ne bold: bold ne ostaje bold = isn’t staying.

Is bold pa bold informal? What are more formal alternatives?

bold pa bold is neutral and very common in speech and writing. For a more formal or explicit causal link, use:

bold zato bold / bold stoga bold / bold zbog toga bold (therefore)
bold jer bold / bold budući da bold / bold zato što bold (because)

Why bold vjerojatno bold and not bold vjerovatno bold?

In standard Croatian the form is bold vjerojatno bold. bold vjerovatno bold is standard in Serbian/Bosnian; in Croatia it’s widely understood but nonstandard in formal writing.

Can I drop bold pa bold and just use a comma or a period?

Comma alone between two independent clauses is not recommended in Croatian. Use a conjunction (bold pa bold, bold i bold, bold a bold, etc.) or split into two sentences.
Acceptable alternatives:
- bold Vjerojatno ima temperaturu. Ostaje kod kuće. bold
- bold Vjerojatno ima temperaturu, zato ostaje kod kuće. bold

What case does bold kod bold take, and where else can I use it?

bold kod bold always takes the genitive. It often means at someone’s place or at a professional’s:

bold kod prijatelja bold (at a friend’s)
bold kod liječnika bold (at the doctor’s)
bold kod kuće bold (at home)

Is bold doma bold a good alternative to bold kod kuće bold?

Yes. bold doma bold is a common adverb in Croatian meaning at home:

bold … pa ostaje doma. bold It’s neutral in Croatia; bold kod kuće bold is equally good.