No vull aquest pes.

In Catalan, the usual way to make a sentence negative is to put no before the verb.

• vull = I want
• no vull = I do not want / I don’t want

So:

• No vull aquest pes. = I don’t want this weight/burden.

Putting no after the verb would be unnatural here.

Catalan often leaves out subject pronouns when they are not needed, because the verb ending already shows who the subject is.

• vull means I want
• so (jo) vull = I want

That is why No vull aquest pes is perfectly complete.
You could say Jo no vull aquest pes, but adding jo usually gives extra emphasis, like:

• Jo no vull aquest pes. = I don’t want this weight.

Vull is the 1st person singular present tense form of the verb voler (to want).

Here are some present-tense forms:

• jo vull = I want
• tu vols = you want
• ell/ella vol = he/she wants
• nosaltres volem = we want
• vosaltres voleu = you all want
• ells/elles volen = they want

So in the sentence, vull specifically means I want.

Because pes is a masculine singular noun.

In Catalan, demonstratives must agree with the noun in gender and number:

• aquest = this (masculine singular)
• aquesta = this (feminine singular)
• aquests = these (masculine plural)
• aquestes = these (feminine plural)

Since pes is masculine singular, you say:

• aquest pes

If the noun were feminine, you would use aquesta instead.

Aquest is a demonstrative adjective, meaning this.

It points to something near the speaker, just like English this.

Examples:

• aquest llibre = this book
• aquest problema = this problem
• aquest pes = this weight / this burden

Catalan also has forms equivalent to that, but here aquest means this.

Pes literally means weight, but depending on context it can also mean a burden, either physical or figurative.

So the sentence could refer to:

• actual physical weight: I don’t want this weight
• emotional or metaphorical burden: I don’t want this burden

The exact nuance depends on the context.

Yes. No vull aquest pes follows a very normal Catalan word order:

• No
  • verb
    • object

So:

• No = not
• vull = I want
• aquest pes = this weight/burden

This is a standard and natural structure.

A common Central Catalan pronunciation is roughly:

• aquest ≈ uh-KEST

More carefully, the final -st is pronounced, and the stress is on the last syllable.

A very rough English-friendly guide for the whole phrase is:

• No vull aquest pes ≈ noh vooy uh-KEST pess

But English spellings are only approximations. If you are learning pronunciation, it helps to notice:

• ll in vull is not pronounced like English ll
• qu in aquest sounds like k
• e in pes is a clear vowel, not like English silent e

In many varieties of Catalan, vull is pronounced roughly like vooy.

A few notes:

• the v is often pronounced very similarly to b
• the u gives a sound like oo
• the ll is not exactly the same as English l; in many accents here it sounds close to y

So vull may sound surprisingly close to booy or vooy, depending on the speaker and dialect.

Yes. You can expand the sentence naturally with more information.

For example:

• No vull aquest pes aquí. = I don’t want this weight/burden here.
• No vull aquest pes més. = I don’t want this weight/burden anymore.
• Ja no vull aquest pes. = I no longer want this weight/burden.

So the sentence is a good basic pattern that you can build on.

It can. On its own, it is a clear and direct sentence. Depending on tone and context, it may sound:

• neutral: simply stating a preference
• firm: rejecting something
• emotional: if pes means a burden or something difficult

If you want to make it more emphatic, Catalan can add stress or pronouns:

• Jo no vull aquest pes.
• No vull pas aquest pes. (in some varieties/styles, more emphatic)

So yes, it can carry emotional force, especially if pes is figurative.