بصمة الإصبع على الاستمارة الجديدة.

Not usually. By itself, it is best understood as a noun phrase or a caption/label, not a full sentence.

Arabic often uses short phrases like this in:

• labels
• instructions
• headings
• notes on documents

A full sentence would need more context, for example:

• توجد بصمة الإصبع على الاستمارة الجديدة = the fingerprint is on the new form
• ضع بصمة الإصبع على الاستمارة الجديدة = put the fingerprint on the new form

So the given phrase works naturally as a standalone label, but not as a fully explicit sentence in most contexts.

Because Arabic often expresses X of Y using an iḍāfa construction, also called a construct phrase.

Here:

• بصمة = print / impression
• الإصبع = the finger

So بصمة الإصبع literally means something like the print of the finger, which corresponds to fingerprint in English.

English often uses noun compounds like fingerprint, while Arabic commonly uses iḍāfa instead.

That is a basic rule of iḍāfa:

• the first noun normally does not take الـ
• the second noun determines whether the whole phrase is definite or indefinite

So in:

• بصمة الإصبع

the first word بصمة does not get الـ, but the second word الإصبع is definite, so the whole expression becomes definite.

Also, the first noun in iḍāfa does not take tanwīn either.

Because the second part of the iḍāfa is definite here.

Compare:

• بصمة إصبع = a fingerprint / a finger’s print
• بصمة الإصبع = the fingerprint / the fingerprint of the finger

In real usage, بصمة الإصبع is a very common way to say fingerprint. Arabic often makes such expressions definite where English may use a more general compound noun.

So this is partly grammar and partly normal usage.

على usually means on or upon.

In this phrase, it shows where the fingerprint is located:

• على الاستمارة = on the form

This is very natural when talking about something physically placed on a document, such as:

• a signature
• a stamp
• a fingerprint

So على is the normal preposition here for surface/location.

Because in Arabic, adjectives normally come after the noun they describe.

So:

• الاستمارة الجديدة = the new form

This is the normal noun + adjective order in Arabic.

English says:

• the new form

Arabic says:

• the form the-new

That is one of the most important word-order differences for English speakers to learn.

Because الاستمارة is feminine singular, and Arabic adjectives must agree with the noun they describe.

So the adjective must match in:

• gender
• number
• definiteness
• case

Here:

• الاستمارة = feminine singular definite
• therefore الجديدة = feminine singular definite

That is why الجديدة is correct.

It describes الاستمارة, not بصمة الإصبع.

The structure is:

• بصمة الإصبع = fingerprint
• على الاستمارة الجديدة = on the new form

So الجديدة belongs with الاستمارة because it comes right after it and agrees with it.

If you wanted to describe the fingerprint as new, the wording would need to be different.

A helpful way to divide it is:

• بصمة الإصبع = an iḍāfa phrase
• على الاستمارة الجديدة = a prepositional phrase

So the whole expression is:

1. a noun phrase: بصمة الإصبع
2. plus a location phrase: على الاستمارة الجديدة

This kind of chunking makes Arabic much easier to read.

Yes, but the exact ending of the first phrase depends on its role in a bigger sentence.

For example:

• if it were the subject, it could be بصمةُ الإصبعِ
• if it were the object, it could be بصمةَ الإصبعِ

After the preposition على, the noun is genitive:

• على الاستمارةِ الجديدةِ

In normal modern writing, these short vowels are usually not written, so learners mainly see:

• بصمة الإصبع على الاستمارة الجديدة

Usually على is better here.

Why:

• على suggests something physically placed on the document
• في usually means in or inside

With documents, في الاستمارة can mean in the form in the sense of information contained in it, while على الاستمارة is more natural for something appearing on its surface, such as a stamp, signature, or fingerprint.

So for this phrase, على is the most natural choice.