Die vriendin met wie ek werk, gee vir elkeen koffie en bly kalm.

Vriendin can mean either:

• female friend
• girlfriend

Afrikaans often lets the context decide. So die vriendin met wie ek werk could mean the female friend I work with or the girlfriend I work with, depending on the situation.

That is correct: die is the definite article for both singular and plural nouns in Afrikaans.

So:

• die vriendin = the friend / the girlfriend
• die vriende = the friends

Afrikaans does not have separate words like English the for singular and plural. It just uses die in both cases.

Because the sentence is talking about a person, and the preposition met stays in front.

So:

• met wie = with whom / who ... with
• waarmee is used for things, not people
• wat is not the normal choice here after a preposition

In standard Afrikaans, you normally do not leave the preposition behind the way English does. So English can say:

• the friend who I work with

But Afrikaans normally says:

• die vriendin met wie ek werk

This is a very normal Afrikaans structure, not especially formal.

Because met wie ek werk is a relative clause, and relative clauses are subordinate clauses. In Afrikaans subordinate clauses, the verb typically goes later, often at the end.

So the structure is:

• met wie = with whom
• ek = I
• werk = work

Literally, it is something like:

• with whom I work

That final verb position is very common in Afrikaans subordinate clauses.

Here vir marks the recipient: the person who receives something.

So:

• gee vir elkeen koffie = give coffee to everyone / give everyone coffee

In English, we often leave out to:

• give everyone coffee

But Afrikaans commonly keeps vir to show who receives the coffee.

With gee, this is very natural:

• gee vir hom water
• gee vir die kinders brood
• gee vir elkeen koffie

Elkeen means each one or everyone, with a slightly more individual sense.

So vir elkeen suggests:

• to each person
• to every single one

Almal means everyone / all, but it feels more collective.

Compare:

• Sy gee vir elkeen koffie = She gives coffee to each person
• Sy gee vir almal koffie = She gives everyone coffee

Both can work in many situations, but elkeen highlights the individuals a bit more.

Because koffie is being used as a mass noun here, like English coffee.

So:

• gee vir elkeen koffie = give everyone coffee

This means coffee in general, not necessarily one specific cup as a counted item.

If you wanted to emphasize a coffee as one serving, you could say:

• gee vir elkeen 'n koffie

But in many everyday contexts, just koffie is the most natural wording.

Because bly here means remain or stay.

So:

• bly kalm = stay calm / remain calm
• is kalm = is calm

The difference is that bly kalm emphasizes continuing in that state, often despite some situation. It suggests composure:

• she gives everyone coffee and remains calm

That is slightly more dynamic than simply describing her as a calm person.

The comma marks the end of the relative clause and shows that the main clause is starting again.

So the sentence breaks down like this:

• Die vriendin met wie ek werk = the friend I work with
• gee vir elkeen koffie en bly kalm = gives everyone coffee and stays calm

The comma helps the reader see where the descriptive part ends and the main statement begins.

Because the same subject, die vriendin, is doing both actions:

• gee = gives
• bly kalm = stays calm

Afrikaans, like English, does not need to repeat the subject when two verbs share it.

So this is completely normal:

• Die vriendin ... gee vir elkeen koffie en bly kalm

It works the same way as English:

• The friend ... gives everyone coffee and stays calm

You could repeat the subject, but it would usually sound unnecessary.