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### Always Accusative

Just like the Dative prepositions you learned, a core set of prepositions always requires the **Accusative** case. Regardless of context, any noun or pronoun following these words takes its Accusative form.

Three of the most common Accusative prepositions are **für** (for), **ohne** (without), and **gegen** (against).

### Purpose: für

**für** indicates purpose, benefit, or a recipient. Notice how the pronoun following it takes the Accusative form (*ihn*).

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### Lack: ohne

**ohne** expresses the absence of something. It is often used directly before a noun with no article.

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Pronouns following *ohne* must also be in the Accusative case, such as *mich* (me).

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### Opposition and impact: gegen

**gegen** is used for abstract opposition, like playing against a team or having something against someone.

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It also describes physical impact, translating to "into" in English. Notice how the masculine noun *der Baum* (the tree) changes to the Accusative *den Baum*.

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Accusative prepositions (für, ohne, gegen)

adjective

adverb

auxiliary verb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Definite articles and gender (der, die, das)

Indefinite articles (ein, eine)

Regular verbs and statement word order (ich -e, er -t)

The second person (du -st, Sie -en)

Yes/No questions

The verb 'to have' (habe, hast, hat)

Plural pronouns and regular verbs (wir, ihr, sie)

Plural 'to be' and 'to have' (sind, haben)

Plural nouns and the plural article (die)

Sentence negation (nicht)

Noun negation (kein, keine)

Question words (wer, was, wo, wie)

Numbers 0 to 12 (null, eins, zwei)

The accusative case (den, die, das)

Indefinite accusative articles (einen, keinen)

Direct object pronouns (mich, dich, ihn)

There is / there are (es gibt)

Vowel changes: e to i/ie (er spricht, sie liest)

Vowel changes: a to ä (er fährt)

Weather and conditions (es regnet)

First- and second-person possessives in the nominative (mein, dein, Ihr)

First- and second-person possessives in the accusative (meinen, deinen, Ihren)

Third-person and plural possessives (sein, ihr, unser, euer)

Possession with names (Annas Auto)

Demonstrative pronouns (dieser, diese, dieses)

Expressing preference (gern, lieber)

Asking about direction and origin (woher, wohin)

Expressing ability (können)

Polite requests (möchten)

Expressing intention (wollen)

Modal verbs of obligation and permission (müssen, dürfen)

Separable prefix verbs

Adverbs of frequency (immer, oft, manchmal, nie)

The Dative case and definite articles (dem, der, den)

Dative indefinite and negative articles (einem, einer, keinem)

Dative personal pronouns (mir, dir, ihm, ihr...)

Dative verbs (helfen, danken, gefallen, schmecken)

Dative prepositions (aus, bei, mit, nach...)

Two-way prepositions for location (in, an, auf...)

Informal singular imperative (mach, komm)

Plural and formal imperative (macht, machen Sie)

Coordinating conjunctions (und, oder, aber, denn)

Simple past of sein and haben (war, hatte)

The perfect tense: regular verbs (gemacht, gespielt)

Past tense: irregular verbs (ge-...-en)

The perfect tense: mixed verbs (gebracht, gekannt)

The perfect tense with sein (ist gegangen)

The perfect tense: separable verbs (eingekauft)

The perfect tense: inseparable and -ieren verbs (besucht, studiert)

Informal singular commands (mach, lern)

Numbers 13 to 20 (dreizehn to zwanzig)

Counting by tens to 100 (dreißig, vierzig)

Telling time (Uhr, halb, Viertel, vor, nach)

Numbers 21 to 99 (einundzwanzig, zweiunddreißig)

Greetings and farewells

Thank you, sorry and good wishes

Everyday replies

Numbers 100 to 1,000,000 (hundert, tausend...)

Becoming and getting (werden)

The impersonal pronoun (man)

Indefinite pronouns (jemand, niemand...)

Time sequence prepositions (vor, nach, bei)

Time span prepositions (von... bis, seit, für)

Adverbs of sequence (zuerst, dann, danach)

Two-way prepositions for direction (in, auf, an...)

Directional adverbs (hin, her)

Placement verbs (setzen, stellen, legen)

Months of the year (Januar, Februar)

The four seasons (Frühling, Sommer)

Time prepositions and indefinite pronouns (an, in, um)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 19th (am ersten)

Ordinals 20th and beyond (-ste, -sten)

Placement vs. location verbs (stellen vs. stehen)

Accusative reflexive pronouns (mich, dich, sich)

Accusative reflexive verbs (sich freuen)

Dative reflexive pronouns (mir, dir, sich)

Dative reflexive verbs (sich etwas merken)

Ordinal numbers 11th to 19th (-te)

Temporal prepositions (an, in, um)

Double objects with nouns

Double objects with pronouns

The modal verb for advice (sollen)

Simple past of modal verbs (musste, wollte...)

Simple past of common irregulars (wurde, wusste, es gab)

Adverbial connectors of consequence (deshalb, darum...)

Subordinate clauses for statements (dass)

Subordinate clauses for reasons (weil)

Question	Answer
for	für
The gift is for him.	Das Geschenk ist für ihn.
to do	tun
the team	die Mannschaft
What are you doing for the team?	Was tust du für die Mannschaft?
I need the car for work.	Ich brauche das Auto für die Arbeit.
without	ohne
the help	die Hilfe
to win	gewinnen
We cannot win without help.	Wir können ohne Hilfe nicht gewinnen.
to live (be alive, exist)	leben
the fear	die Angst
He lives without fear.	Er lebt ohne Angst.
nothing	nichts
He does nothing without me.	Er macht nichts ohne mich.
against	gegen
The car drives into the tree.	Das Auto fährt gegen den Baum.
We play against the team.	Wir spielen gegen die Mannschaft.
You are doing nothing against the problem.	Ihr tut nichts gegen das Problem.
Do you have something against me?	Habt ihr etwas gegen mich?
They drink the tea without milk.	Sie trinken den Tee ohne Milch.
The team cannot win without your help.	Die Mannschaft kann ohne deine Hilfe nicht gewinnen.
We live without fear.	Wir leben ohne Angst.
to be afraid	Angst haben
The child is afraid.	Das Kind hat Angst.
I am afraid, but I am going.	Ich habe Angst, aber ich gehe.
My head hurts.	Mein Kopf tut weh.
Does that hurt?	Tut das weh?
the football, the soccer	der Fußball
We play football.	Wir spielen Fußball.
The football is for the child.	Der Fußball ist für das Kind.
the ball	der Ball
The ball is here.	Der Ball ist hier.
The child is playing with the ball.	Das Kind spielt mit dem Ball.
to do sport	Sport treiben
I do sport.	Ich treibe Sport.
We do sport together.	Wir treiben zusammen Sport.
the congratulation, the good wish	der Glückwunsch
Many thanks for the good wishes!	Vielen Dank für den Glückwunsch!
The good wishes come from the family.	Der Glückwunsch kommt von der Familie.
for the (für + das)	fürs
I am buying bread for breakfast.	Ich kaufe Brot fürs Frühstück.
The book is for the child.	Das Buch ist fürs Kind.

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