Breakdown of Älkööt nämä olennot lumotko ketään kutsumatonta vierasta.
tämä
this
kukaan
anyone, nobody (with negation)
vieras
guest
älköön
let not (3rd person singular; plural: älkööt)
kutsumaton
uninvited
olento
creature
lumota
to enchant
Questions & Answers about Älkööt nämä olennot lumotko ketään kutsumatonta vierasta.
How do we form the 3rd person plural negative imperative in this sentence?
The negative auxiliary verb takes the 3rd person plural form älkööt (let them not). The main verb lumota takes the special connegative form for this mood, which is lumotko. Notice that the subject nämä olennot goes between the negative verb and the main verb.
Where does the verb form lumotko come from?
It comes from the verb lumota (to enchant), which is a type 4 verb. To form the 3rd person imperative connegative, you take the infinitive stem (lumot-) and add -ko or -kö. This gives us lumotko.
Why is the object phrase ketään kutsumatonta vierasta entirely in the partitive case?
In Finnish, the object of a negative sentence must always be in the partitive case. Because the command is negated by älkööt, the entire object phrase takes the partitive. The word ketään is the partitive form of the pronoun kukaan (anyone).
How is the adjective kutsumatonta formed?
It is built from the verb kutsua (to invite). Adding the negative suffix -maton creates the adjective kutsumaton (uninvited). Here it has the partitive ending -ta to agree with the noun vierasta.
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