Breakdown of Kaikki noudattivat pukukoodia sinua lukuun ottamatta.
sinä
you
kaikki
all, everything, everyone
noudattaa
to comply with
lukuun ottamatta
except
pukukoodi
dress code
Questions & Answers about Kaikki noudattivat pukukoodia sinua lukuun ottamatta.
Why is sinua in the partitive case here?
The phrase lukuun ottamatta (except / excluding) requires the word it modifies to be in the partitive case. While some other exception structures might use different cases, this specific phrase consistently governs the partitive.
What is the literal translation of lukuun ottamatta?
It literally translates to "without taking into count." It is built from lukuun (the illative form of luku, meaning "into the count" or "into the number") and ottamatta (the abessive form of the third infinitive of the verb ottaa, meaning "without taking").
Can I change the word order and put lukuun ottamatta before the pronoun?
Yes, you can! This phrase is flexible and can act as either a postposition or a preposition. Both sinua lukuun ottamatta and lukuun ottamatta sinua are entirely correct and mean the exact same thing.
Why is pukukoodia also in the partitive case?
The verb noudattaa (to follow, to obey) is a partitive verb. Whenever you follow a rule, a law, or a dress code in Finnish, the thing being obeyed must take the partitive case.
In English, "everyone" is singular. Why is the verb noudattivat in the plural form?
In Finnish, when the pronoun kaikki (all/everyone) refers to a group of people, it acts as a plural subject and requires a plural verb. If kaikki referred to a singular uncountable concept like "everything", it would take a singular verb.
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