Breakdown of Eikö tämä kaupunki ole hieno?
tämä
this
olla
to be
kaupunki
city
ei
no / not (en, et, ei, emme, ette, eivät)
Questions & Answers about Eikö tämä kaupunki ole hieno?
Why does the question ending -kö attach to ei, and why is it -kö instead of -ko?
To make a negative yes/no question in Finnish, you attach the question particle -ko/-kö directly to the negative verb (en, et, ei, etc.) and put it at the very beginning of the sentence. It becomes eikö (with an ö) because the vowels e and i in the word ei act as front vowels, so vowel harmony rules require the front-vowel version of the ending.
Why are eikö and ole separated by tämä kaupunki?
When you turn a statement into a question, the word with the question clitic attached moves to the front of the sentence. A normal negative statement would be Tämä kaupunki ei ole hieno (This city is not great). When we move the negative verb to the front to make a question, the rest of the sentence keeps its normal order: Eikö + subject (tämä kaupunki) + main verb (ole) + adjective (hieno).
Why do we use ole here instead of on?
Because this is a negative sentence. In Finnish, the negative verb (ei) changes to match the subject, while the main verb drops its personal ending (this is called the connegative form). The connegative form of olla (to be) is ole. Even though the words are separated in the question, they still act as a pair: ei ... ole (is not).