Breakdown of He ovat tulleet Afrikasta Amerikkaan.
olla
to be
he
they
tulla
to come
Afrikka
Africa
Amerikka
America
Questions & Answers about He ovat tulleet Afrikasta Amerikkaan.
Why is the verb ovat tulleet and not ovat tullut?
In the perfect tense, the main verb is in the past participle form. Because the subject He (They) is plural, the participle must also agree and be plural. That is why it adds the plural marker -t to become tulleet instead of the singular tullut.
How do we form the plural past participle tulleet from the verb tulla?
Tulla is a type 3 verb. To make the past participle for these verbs, you take the consonant stem tul- and add -lut for a singular subject (tullut) or -leet for a plural subject (tulleet).
Why do the places have the endings -sta and -an here?
These endings express the direction of movement. Afrikasta uses the elative case ending -sta, which means 'out of' or 'from'. Amerikkaan uses the illative case (doubling the last vowel and adding -n), which means 'into' or 'to' a place.
How would this sentence change to say 'She has come from Africa to America'?
You would change the pronoun to Hän (She), change the helping verb to the singular on (has), and use the singular participle tullut. The whole sentence becomes: Hän on tullut Afrikasta Amerikkaan.
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