Breakdown of Hän on treenannut hyvin, ja tulos on hyvä.
olla
to be
hän
he / she
ja
and
hyvä
good
hyvin
well
treenata
to work out
tulos
result
Questions & Answers about Hän on treenannut hyvin, ja tulos on hyvä.
How exactly is the word treenannut formed from the dictionary verb?
The base verb is treenata (to work out, to train), which is a Type 4 verb. To make this participle, you take the infinitive stem treenat- and add -nut. Because saying "treenatnut" is difficult, the t blends into the n (a process called consonant assimilation). This results in the double nn in treenannut.
Why use on treenannut instead of the simple past tense treenasi?
On treenannut is the perfect tense ("has worked out"). We use it here instead of the simple past ("worked out") because the past action has a direct, visible effect on the present moment. The training happened in the past, but the result is good right now.
Why do we see both hyvin and hyvä in this sentence?
They are related words with different jobs, just like in English. Hyvin is an adverb meaning "well", and it describes the verb—it tells us how he worked out. Hyvä is an adjective meaning "good", and it describes the noun tulos (the result).
The verb treenata looks a lot like the English word "train". Is that a coincidence?
Not a coincidence! It is a loanword borrowed from Swedish (träna) and English. When foreign verbs are adapted into Finnish, they are very often turned into Type 4 verbs. Another fun example you might have seen is grillata (to grill).
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