Breakdown of Ohjaaja on lämmitellyt, ja hänellä on hiki.
olla
to be
hän
he / she
ja
and
ohjaaja
instructor / director
Questions & Answers about Ohjaaja on lämmitellyt, ja hänellä on hiki.
Why does lämmitellyt end in -llyt instead of the usual past participle ending -nyt?
The base verb is lämmitellä (to warm up), which is a Type 3 verb ending in -llä. When forming the active past participle for Type 3 verbs that end in -lla or -llä, the -n- of the standard -nut/-nyt ending blends in with the -l- of the verb root. This consonant assimilation changes the ending to -llut or, as in this case, -llyt (because of the front vowels ä and i in the root).
What is the difference between lämmitellä and lämmittää?
They are related but used differently! Lämmittää means "to warm something up" (like food in a microwave or a sauna). Lämmitellä specifically means "to warm oneself up", which is why it is used here for an instructor doing a physical warm-up before exercise.
If hänellä on means "he has" and hiki means "sweat", why is the translation "he is sweaty"?
In Finnish, temporary physical feelings like being sweaty, cold, or hungry are usually expressed using the "have" structure (hänellä on) followed by a noun, rather than using the verb "to be" with an adjective. You literally say "he has sweat" to mean "he is sweaty". You have likely seen this before with phrases like minulla on nälkä (I am hungry, literally "I have hunger").