Questions & Answers about Oletko sinä valmis?
Why does the verb olet have -ko at the end?
The suffix -ko is a question particle. Attaching it to the fronted verb olet (you are) turns the statement into a yes/no question meaning "are you?".
Is the word sinä strictly necessary in this sentence?
No, it is optional. Because the verb olet already has the -t ending that specifically means "you", Finns often drop the pronoun and just say Oletko valmis?. Including sinä simply adds a bit of emphasis to "you".
How would I turn this into the negative statement "You are not ready" using the grammar from this lesson?
To make it negative, you drop the question particle -ko and replace the positive verb with the negative verb for 'you' (et) paired with the connegative form of the verb 'to be' (ole). The statement 'You are not ready' translates to Sinä et ole valmis.
Does the word valmis change if I am asking a group of people?
Yes. In Finnish, adjectives must match the subject in number. If you were asking the plural "you" (te), the verb becomes oletteko and you must add a plural -t to the end of the adjective, making the sentence Oletteko te valmiit?.
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