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Finnish

### The Spoken "We"

In everyday spoken Finnish (*puhekieli*), the standard first-person plural (forms ending in *-mme*) is almost never used. Instead, spoken Finnish replaces it with the word **me** followed by the **passive** form of the verb.

| Written | Spoken | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| me menemme | me mennään | we go |
| me syömme | me syödään | we eat |
| me ostamme | me ostetaan | we buy |

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### Making Suggestions: "Let's!"

To suggest an activity and say "Let's do something!" in Finnish, use the exact same spoken form (the passive) but simply **drop the word *me***.

For example, *me mennään* means "we go", but the bare word *Mennään!* means "Let's go!".

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To say "let's do this, and then we will do that," alternate between dropping *me* and keeping it.

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### "We Did": The Spoken Past Tense

The same rule applies when talking about the past. Instead of the standard *-mme* ending, spoken Finnish uses *me* plus the **past passive** form of the verb. 

| Written | Spoken | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| me menimme | me mentiin | we went |
| me ostimme | me ostettiin | we bought |
| me keilasimme | me keilattiin | we bowled |
| me lauloimme | me laulettiin | we sang |

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Just like in standard Finnish, you can drop the pronoun if the context makes it clear who is acting, especially when connecting two actions done by the same group.

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Spoken first-person plural (me mennään)

adjective

adposition

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

postposition

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstrative pronouns (tämä, tuo, se)

Singular personal pronouns (minä, sinä, hän)

Plural personal pronouns (me, te, he)

Plural demonstratives (nämä, nuo, ne)

Coordinating conjunctions (ja, mutta, tai)

Yes/no questions (-ko / -kö)

Basic question words (kuka, mikä, missä)

Negation of to be (en ole, ei ole)

The inessive case (-ssa / -ssä)

Double consonant gradation (kk, pp, tt)

Consonant gradation (-ssa/-ssä)

Verb Type 1 (puhun, puhut, puhuu)

Verb Type 1 with consonant gradation

Negative verbs (en puhu, et lue)

External location (-lla/-llä)

There is / there are (kaupungissa on)

Possession (minulla on)

Numbers 1 to 10 (yksi, kaksi, kolme)

The partitive singular (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Quantities with numbers (kaksi autoa)

Negative possession (ei ole)

Numbers 11 to 100 and 1000

Partitive verbs

Partitive personal pronouns (minua, sinua)

Verb Type 2 (-da/-dä)

Partitive for mass nouns (-a/-ä, -ta/-tä)

Partitive for negative objects

Adjective agreement

Verb Type 3

The elative case (-sta/-stä)

Negative possession (minulla ei ole…)

The illative case (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Numbers 21 to 99

Static vs. movement verbs

Verb Type 4 (-Vta / -Vtä)

Verb Type 5 (-ita / -itä)

Genitive singular for possession (-n)

Total object (-n)

Accusative personal pronouns (-t)

Obligation (täytyy)

Into places (-Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Postpositions with the genitive

My and your (-ni, -si)

Onto and to someone (-lle)

From someone or somewhere (-lta, -ltä)

Telling time (kello on...)

Months of the year (-ssa, -ssä)

Days of the week (-na, -nä)

When and why (milloin, miksi)

The illative case (mihin, -Vn, -hVn, -seen)

Past tense of to be (olin, olit, oli)

The seasons (kevät, kesä, syksy, talvi)

The imperative mood (lue!, syö!, mene!)

The past tense of to be (olin, oli)

The illative case (-hVn, -seen)

Greetings and goodbyes (hei, näkemiin)

Thank you and sorry (kiitos, anteeksi)

Liking things (pitää / tykätä + -sta/-stä)

Temporary states and roles (-na/-nä)

Change of state (-ksi)

Ongoing actions (-massa/-mässä)

Going to do an action (-maan/-mään)

Returning from an action (-masta/-mästä)

Third-person possessives (-nsa/-nsä or -Vn)

Plural possessives (-mme, -nne)

Indefinite pronouns (joku, jokin, kaikki)

Negative indefinite pronouns (ei kukaan, ei mikään)

Commands for verb types 4 and 5

Adverb formation (-sti)

Past tense for verb type 1 (-i-)

Past tense vowel changes for verb type 1 (-o- / -i-)

Past tense for verb type 2 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 3 (-i-)

Past tense for verb type 4 (-si-)

Past tense for verb type 5 (-itsi-)

Past tense consonant gradation

Past participles for verb types 1 and 2 (-nut / -nyt)

Past participle singular for verb types 3-5 (-nnut, -llut)

Active past participle plural (-neet)

Past tense negative (en mennyt, emme olleet)

The perfect tense (olen ollut)

The perfect tense negative (en ole nähnyt)

Total plural objects (-t)

Partitive plural (-ia / -iä)

Partitive plural (-ja / -jä)

Question	Answer
amusement park	huvipuisto
Let's go to the amusement park tomorrow!	Mennään huomenna huvipuistoon!
wristband	ranneke
I walked to the amusement park and we bought the wristbands.	Mä kävelin huvipuistoon ja me ostettiin rannekkeet.
Let's buy the wristbands now!	Ostetaan rannekkeet nyt!
to bowl	keilata
Let's bowl first and then we will eat.	Keilataan ensin ja sitten me syödään.
We bowled and after that we went to the bar.	Me keilattiin ja sen jälkeen me mentiin baariin.
karaoke	karaoke
After the bar we sang karaoke.	Baarin jälkeen me laulettiin karaokea.
Let's sing karaoke tonight!	Lauletaan karaokea illalla!
to hike	patikoida
On Sunday we hiked in the forest.	Sunnuntaina me patikoitiin metsässä.
snack	eväs
Let's hike to the lake and eat our snacks!	Patikoidaan järvelle ja syödään eväät!
We ate our snacks outside.	Me syötiin eväät ulkona.
campfire	nuotio
Let's make a campfire here!	Tehdään nuotio tänne!
to grill	grillata
Do you remember where we grilled sausages by the campfire?	Muistatko sä, missä me grillattiin makkaraa nuotiolla?
to camp	telttailla
Next week we will camp on the island.	Seuraavalla viikolla me telttaillaan saarella.
The guide helped me when we camped on the island.	Opas auttoi mua, kun me telttailtiin saarella.
to row	soutaa
Let's row to the island!	Soudetaan saarelle!
We rowed a lot on the lake.	Me soudettiin paljon järvellä.
We went to the cottage and grilled sausage.	Me mentiin mökille ja grillattiin makkaraa.
fire (a flame)	tuli
The fire of the campfire is warm.	Nuotion tuli on lämmin.
We made a fire and grilled our snacks.	Me tehtiin tuli ja grillattiin eväät.
gig, thing to do (colloquial)	homma
Let's do this thing tomorrow.	Tehdään tämä homma huomenna.
It is quite an easy gig.	Se on ihan helppo homma.

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