Learn Farsi: همه‌ی بخش‌ها ضوابط سخت‌گیرانه‌ای اعمال می‌کنند، به استثنای بخش مالی. - All departments apply strict criteria, with the exception of the financial department.

Word

همه‌ی بخش‌ها ضوابط سخت‌گیرانه‌ای اعمال می‌کنند، به استثنای بخش مالی.

Meaning

All departments apply strict criteria, with the exception of the financial department.

Part of speech

sentence

Pronunciation

Course

Farsi

Lesson

Phrases of exception (be esthesnâ-ye)

Breakdown of همه‌ی بخش‌ها ضوابط سخت‌گیرانه‌ای اعمال می‌کنند، به استثنای بخش مالی.

به استثنایbe estesnâ-ye

with the exception of / excluding

Questions & Answers about همه‌ی بخش‌ها ضوابط سخت‌گیرانه‌ای اعمال می‌کنند، به استثنای بخش مالی.

How does the phrase be esthesnâ-ye connect to the noun that follows it?

It connects using the Ezafe. In be esthesnâ-ye, the -ye is the Ezafe linking the word esthesnâ (exception) to bakhsh-e mâli (the financial department). This makes the whole phrase act as a formal preposition meaning 'with the exception of.'

Why is there an -i at the end of sakht-girâne-i?

This is the indefinite marker -i (a/some). Because it modifies the noun phrase zavâbet-e sakht-girâne (strict criteria), the indefinite -i attaches to the very end of the Ezafe chain, which lands on the adjective. It implies that they apply 'some strict criteria' or strict criteria in a general sense.

zavâbet is translated as 'criteria', but what kind of plural is this and what is its singular form?

It is an Arabic broken plural, which is very common in formal or administrative Farsi. The singular form is zâbete (ضابطه), meaning a rule, criterion, or regulation.

What is the root and literal meaning of the verb a'mâl kardan?

It means 'to apply' or 'to enforce' (often used for rules, laws, or pressure). a'mâl is the Arabic plural of amal (action or deed), so the compound verb literally translates to something like 'to put into actions.'

Could the exception phrase be placed at the beginning of this sentence?