Breakdown of زنبورها داشتند ملکه را نیش میزدند، که این امر موجب واکنش زنجیرهای شد.
این
this
داشتنdâshtan
to have
راrâ
definite direct object marker
کهke
that (conjunction)
Questions & Answers about زنبورها داشتند ملکه را نیش میزدند، که این امر موجب واکنش زنجیرهای شد.
Why do we use که این امر instead of just که for 'which'?
In English, 'which' can refer back to a single noun or a whole previous sentence (like the fact that the bees were stinging the queen). In Farsi, while you can sometimes just use که, it is much clearer and more natural to use که این امر (literally 'that this matter') or که این مسئله to explicitly refer back to the entire preceding proposition.
Is موجب working as a verb here? How does it mean 'caused'?
The verb is actually the compound موجب شدن (mujeve ... shodan), which means 'to cause' or 'to result in.' It is a slightly more formal synonym for the common باعث شدن (bâ'es shodan). Notice that موجب takes an ezafe to connect to the thing being caused: موجب واکنش (mujeve vâkonesh).
Why is the word for 'queen' (ملکه را) placed right in the middle of the past continuous verb (داشتند ... نیش میزدند)?
In Farsi's past continuous tense, the auxiliary verb داشتند (from داشتن) and the main verb میزدند usually 'hug' the object or other sentence components. While they can be adjacent, it is very common and natural to place the direct object (ملکه را) between the auxiliary and the main verb.
How is the adjective for 'chain' formed in واکنش زنجیرهای?
The noun for 'chain' is زنجیر (zanjir). By adding the suffix ـه (-e) and the relational suffix (-i), it becomes the adjective (zanjire'i), meaning 'chain-like.' Connected to (reaction) with an ezafe, it translates perfectly to 'chain reaction.'