Breakdown of به جز روانشناس، همه را خلسهای عمیق فرا گرفت.
راrâ
definite direct object marker
همهhame
all, everyone
عمیقamigh
deep
به جزbe joz
except
روانشناسravân-shenâs
psychologist
خلسهkhalse
trance
فرا گرفتنfarâ gereftan
to overtake (abstract or elements) / to engulf
Questions & Answers about به جز روانشناس، همه را خلسهای عمیق فرا گرفت.
Why is همه marked with را if they are the ones falling into the trance?
This is the Accusative Experiencer construction you are currently learning. In Farsi, for involuntary states like falling into a trance, the person experiencing the state is treated as the direct object and marked with را. The state itself acts as the grammatical subject that "happens to" or "engulfs" the experiencer.
If همه means "everyone," why is the verb فرا گرفت conjugated in the third-person singular?
Because همه is the direct object here, not the subject. The grammatical subject performing the action is خلسهای عمیق (a deep trance). Since "a deep trance" is singular, the verb فرا گرفت must also be in the third-person singular to agree with it.
What role does the ای play at the end of خلسهای?
It is the indefinite suffix meaning "a" or "an". Because خلسه (trance) ends in a silent heh (which acts as a vowel), it requires the ای spelling rather than just a standalone ی. When paired with the adjective عمیق, it forms the phrase "a deep trance."
How does the verb فرا گرفتن work in this context compared to a simple verb like گرفتن?
While گرفتن simply means "to take" or "to catch," the prefix فرا adds the sense of "over," "around," or "fully." Together, فرا گرفتن means "to engulf," "to overtake," or "to encompass," which perfectly describes how an involuntary state like a deep trance washes over a person.
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