Question 1

The English translation says "to pay", but the Farsi uses the full infinitive pardākht kardan. Is this a substitute for the subjunctive?

Accepted Answer

Yes. After prepositions like barā-ye (for), Farsi often uses the full infinitive acting as a verbal noun (like "paying" in English). You could also express this with the subjunctive: taghallā mi-konam ke hazine-hā rā pardākht konam (I struggle so that I may pay the expenses). Both structures are very common.

Question 2

I hear an invisible ezafe connecting the infinitive pardākht kardan to hazine-hā-ye (expenses). Is it normal to attach an ezafe to a verb?

Accepted Answer

Yes, because here the infinitive is acting as a noun. When you use an infinitive this way, it behaves exactly like a standard noun. To connect this verbal noun to its logical direct object (the expenses), you use an ezafe, making it pardākht kardan-e hazine-hā (the paying of the expenses).

Question 3

Does avvaliyyeh mean the exact same thing as avval (first)?

Accepted Answer

Not quite. While avval strictly means "first" in a numerical sequence, avvaliyyeh is an adjective meaning "primary", "initial", or in this context, "basic". It describes the fundamental nature of the expenses you need to survive, rather than the chronological order in which you pay them.

Question 4

I've usually used talāsh kardan for "to struggle" or "to try". How is taqallā kardan different?

Accepted Answer

Talāsh kardan is a general "to try" or "to make an effort". Taqallā kardan is much stronger and implies a desperate, strenuous struggle, like scrambling or thrashing to keep your head above water. It perfectly captures the intense financial stress of barely making ends meet.

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