Word
پتنتی را که نوشتی، خواندم.
Meaning
I read the patent that you wrote.
Part of speech
sentence
Pronunciation
Course
Breakdown of پتنتی را که نوشتی، خواندم.
خواندنkhândan
to read / to study (a subject)
نوشتنneveshtan
to write
راrâ
definite direct object marker
کهke
that (conjunction)
Questions & Answers about پتنتی را که نوشتی، خواندم.
How can patent take both the suffix -i and the definite object marker râ?
In this context, the -i attached to patent isn't the indefinite article meaning a or an. Instead, it is the restrictive -i. Its job is to link the noun to the relative clause ke neveshti (that you wrote). Because the relative clause specifies exactly which patent we mean, the overall noun phrase is definite, requiring râ as the object of the main verb khândam.
Why does râ appear before ke rather than after the entire relative clause?
Placing râ right after the head noun and its restrictive -i (as in patenti râ ke...) is the standard and most elegant structure in formal and written Farsi. It immediately flags to the listener that the upcoming noun is the direct object, rather than making them wait until the end of the relative clause to figure out its grammatical role.
Is it grammatically correct to say patenti ke neveshti râ khândam instead?
Yes, you can technically place râ at the very end of the entire direct object phrase. While you might hear this in casual colloquial speech, putting râ right before ke is much more common and sounds far more natural in standard Persian.
Is patent the normal Farsi word for a patent?
Patent is a very common loanword in business and engineering contexts in Iran. The formal, native Persian equivalent is (literally right of invention), but you will frequently hear used in everyday professional environments exactly like this.