Learn Farsi: برادر من هم فارسی می‌خواند.

Both are correct! برادر من uses the independent pronoun من connected by the invisible "ezafe" vowel (pronounced baradar-e man). برادرم (baradaram) uses the attached possessive ending. برادر من is slightly more emphatic, emphasizing "my" brother.

Is there a silent letter in the verb می‌خواند?

Yes! The letter و in خواند is completely silent. It is pronounced "mi-khanad", not "mi-khvanad". This is a special spelling rule in Farsi for certain words starting with خوا.

What does the می‌ part of می‌خواند do?

The prefix می‌ tells us that the verb is in the present tense. It can mean an ongoing action ("is reading") or a habitual action ("reads"). Here, it shows that reading Persian is a regular habit.

Could می‌خواند also mean "studies" here?

Absolutely. The verb خواندن (to read) is very commonly used in Farsi to mean "to study" a subject or language. So this sentence could perfectly translate to "My brother also studies Persian."

Does هم (also) always come right after the subject like this?

Usually, yes. هم generally comes directly after the word it emphasizes. Here, it follows to mean "My brother also (in addition to someone else) reads Persian."}],