Breakdown of همهی رستورانهای کثیف دیگر بدون مجوز باز نیستند.
کثیف
dirty
بودنbudan
to be
بازbâz
open
رستورانresturân
restaurant
Questions & Answers about همهی رستورانهای کثیف دیگر بدون مجوز باز نیستند.
Why do we use hame-ye with a plural noun here instead of har?
This is the core difference between "all" and "every/each" in Farsi. We use hame-ye (all of) followed by a plural noun to talk about the entire group together. Notice that hame requires an Ezafe to connect to the noun (hame-ye resturaan-haa). If we used har (every/each), the noun would have to be singular and take no Ezafe right after the quantifier: har resturaan-e kasif (every dirty restaurant). Both convey a similar idea, but the grammar structure changes entirely.
Doesn't digar usually mean "other" or "else"? Why is it translated as "no longer"?
Yes, digar often means "other", but when it is paired with a negative verb (like nistand here), its function changes. In negative sentences, digar means "not anymore" or "no longer". So, digar... baaz nistand translates to "they are no longer open".
Does the preposition bedun (without) need an Ezafe to connect to mojavvez (permit)?
Yes! Most multi-syllable prepositions in Farsi, such as bedun (without), baraaye (for), or daakhel (inside), require an Ezafe to connect to the noun that follows them. Therefore, it must be pronounced bedun-e mojavvez.
The subject is "restaurants", which are inanimate. Shouldn't the verb be singular (nist)?
In Farsi, inanimate plural subjects often take a singular verb, which is completely fine. However, using a plural verb () is also correct and very common, especially when you are using a broad quantifier like (all of) or when you want to emphasize the individual items within the group rather than just the collective mass.