Breakdown of ما باید مقاومت کنیم تا اینکه اوضاع مساعد شود.
ما
we
بایدbâyad
must
شدنshodan
to become
تاtâ
until
Questions & Answers about ما باید مقاومت کنیم تا اینکه اوضاع مساعد شود.
Why is the verb at the end شود (shavad) instead of the normal present tense میشود (mishavad)?
Because of تا اینکه (tâ inke), meaning 'until'. When 'until' points to a condition that hasn't happened yet (an unrealized future event), Farsi requires the present subjunctive. شود is the subjunctive form of شدن (to become), showing that the situation isn't favorable yet.
What is the difference between تا (tâ) and تا اینکه (tâ inke) in this sentence?
In this context, they both mean 'until' and can be used interchangeably. However, تا اینکه (tâ inke) is often preferred when introducing a full, new clause with a different subject (here, اوضاع or 'the situation'). It acts as a slightly stronger bridge between the two halves of the sentence.
Is اوضاع (owzâ') a singular or plural word, and why is the verb شود (shavad) singular?
اوضاع (owzâ') is actually a plural word borrowed from Arabic, meaning 'conditions' or 'situations' (the singular is وضع). Even though it is plural, Farsi grammar dictates that non-human plural subjects generally take a singular verb. This is why we use شود (shavad) instead of the plural شوند (shavand).
We learned that باید (bâyad) requires the subjunctive, so why doesn't مقاومت کنیم (moghâvemat konim) have a بـ (be-) prefix?
مقاومت کردن (moghâvemat kardan) is a compound verb. With compound verbs, especially those ending in (kardan), the subjunctive (be-) prefix is very often dropped. The verb is still in the subjunctive mood, as required by (bâyad), but it is marked just by the personal ending (-im).