Breakdown of ما باید برای کشتن سوسکها و موشها از سم استفاده کنیم.
ما
we
و
and
ازaz
from
برایbarâye
for
بایدbâyad
must
استفاده کردنestefâde kardan
to use
موشmush
mouse / rat
کشتنkoshtan
to kill
سمsamm
poison
سوسکsusk
cockroach
Questions & Answers about ما باید برای کشتن سوسکها و موشها از سم استفاده کنیم.
Why is there an ezafe (the invisible "e" sound) added to کشتن (koshtan)?
کشتن (koshtan) is the infinitive "to kill", but here it acts as a noun meaning "killing". Because it is followed by the objects being killed, we need an ezafe to link the action to its targets. So, برای کشتن سوسکها (barāye koshtan-e susk-hā) literally translates to "for the killing of cockroaches".
Why do we need the preposition از (az) before سم (sam, poison)?
In Farsi, the verb for "to use" is the compound verb استفاده کردن (estefāde kardan), which literally means "to make use". This verb always pairs with the preposition از (az, meaning "from") before the object being used. So instead of saying "we use poison", the Farsi structure is "we make use from poison" (از سم استفاده کنیم).
Why is the main verb استفاده کنیم (estefāde konim) instead of the standard present tense استفاده میکنیم (estefāde mikonim)?
The sentence uses the modal word باید (bāyad), meaning "must" or "should". In Farsi, modal words require the main verb of the sentence to be in the subjunctive mood. For compound verbs like this one, that means dropping the می (mi-) prefix on the conjugated part of the verb.
Why doesn't the word باید (bāyad) have a "we" ending to match the subject ما (mā)?
Unlike the main verb, باید (bāyad) is a "frozen" modal word. It never changes its form or takes personal endings, no matter who the subject is. The person doing the action is only indicated by the ending on the main verb at the end of the sentence, which here is the -im ending on کنیم (konim).
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