Breakdown of آنها قصد دارند که صادرات حبوباتشان را شروع کنند.
آنها
they
شروع کردنshoru' kardan
to start
راrâ
definite direct object marker
کهke
that (conjunction)
قصد داشتنqasd dâshtan
to intend
صادراتsâderât
exports
حبوباتhoboobât
legumes
Questions & Answers about آنها قصد دارند که صادرات حبوباتشان را شروع کنند.
What is the singular form of sâderât (صادرات) and how is the plural formed in this sentence?
Sâderât means exports. It is formed by adding the formal Arabic plural suffix -ât to the root word sâder (exported). As you are learning in this lesson, the -ât suffix is often used to group things into categories or for official, business, and administrative words in Farsi.
Is hobubât (حبوبات) another example of the -ât plural suffix?
Yes! Hobubât means legumes or pulses (like beans and lentils). The suffix -ât is added to the Arabic root habb (meaning a seed or grain) to create a collective category for this type of food. In everyday Farsi, it is almost exclusively used in this plural category form to talk about the food group as a whole.
How do the words connect in the phrase sâderât-e hobubât-eshân (صادرات حبوباتشان)?
They are connected by the ezafe, which is an unseen short e sound that links words together, often translating to of. The suffix -shân at the very end means their. So, sâderât-e hobubât-eshân literally translates to exports of legumes of them, or more naturally, the exports of their legumes.
Why is the object marker râ (را) placed after hobubât-eshân instead of right after sâderât?
Râ (را) must come immediately after the entire noun phrase that acts as the specific direct object. Here, the complete direct object they want to start is the exports of their legumes (sâderât-e hobubât-eshân). If you put râ earlier, it would break the ezafe connection between the words.
Why does the sentence use shoru' konand (شروع کنند) instead of the regular present tense shoru' mikonand?
Because it follows the phrase ghasd dârand ke (they intend that). Whenever a verb follows expressions of intention, wanting, or necessity, it must be in the subjunctive mood. To form the subjunctive here, the regular present tense prefix mi- is dropped, leaving konand to show it is a planned future action, not a habit happening right now.
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